A
Abacavir (ABC), 62
Abbreviated new drug applications (ANDAs), 121
Abbreviations
extended-release dosage forms, 135–136
in medication errors, 104
pharmacy, 150
Abelcet, 63
Abilify, 41, 42
Abilify Maintena, 42
Abraxane, 67
Absorption, 140
Acarbose, 53
Accolate, 47
Accounting basics, 186
Account number, 151
Accrediting and regulatory agencies, 159
Accupril, 45
Accuretic, 45
Accutane, 123, 157
ACE inhibitors, 45, 70
Aceon, 45
Acetaminophen with codeine, 51, 119
Acetaminophen with hydrocodone, 51
Acetaminophen with oxycodone, 51
Acetaminophen with tramadol, 51
Aciphex, 54
Aclidinium, 47
Acquisition cost, 186
Actiq, 51
Activase, 65
Active metabolite, 141
Actonel, 49
Actonel and calcium, 49
Actoplus Met, 53
Actos, 52
Adalat CC, 46
Adalimumab, 55, 58
Adasuve, 42
Adderall, 43, 119
Adderall XR, 43
Addition, 10
Additives, 75
ADHD, drugs for, 42–43
ADME
absorption, 140
distribution, 140–141
excretion, 141–142
factors affecting, 142
metabolism, 141
AdmeLOG, 52
Administration of drugs. see Routes of administration
Admission/discharge/transfer (ADT), 192
Admixture programs, 84–85
end-product evaluation, 85
policies and procedures, 84–85
process validation, 85
quality assurance programs, 85
training, 85
Admixtures, categories of, 75–76
Adriamycin, 66
Adrucil, 66
Advair, 47
Advair HFA, 47
Advicor, 43
Advil, 50
Aerosols, 136
Aerospan, 48
Afrezza, 52
Afrin, 49
Agonists, 143
AIDS drug assistance programs, 187
Air embolus in IV therapy, 76
Alavert, 48
Albiglutide, 53
Albuterol, 47
Alcoholic solutions, 133
Aldactazide, 44
Aldactone, 44
Aldesleukin, 67
Alemtuzumab, 38, 67
Alendronate, 49
Alendronate/cholecalciferol, 49
Alert fatigue, 192
Aleve, 50
Alfenta, 51
Alfentanil, 51
Alfuzosin, 60
Alimta, 66
Alirocumab, 43
Aliskiren/HCTZ, 44
Alkeran, 66
Alkylating agents, 66
Allegra, 48
Allergic reaction in IV therapy, 76
Alligation method, 22–23
Almotriptan, 38
Alogliptin, 53
Alogliptin/pioglitazone, 53
Alogliption/metformin, 53
Alosetron, 123, 157
Aloxi, 55
Alpha1-adrenergic antagonists (α-blockers), 70
Alpha1 adrenergic inhibitors (α-blockers), 60
Alphagan P, 57
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, 53
α-blockers, 70
Alprazolam, 41
Alprostadil, 60
Altace, 45
Altafrin, 57
Alteplase, 65
Altoprev, 43
Alvesco, 48
Alzheimer disease agents, 37
Amantadine, 37
Amaryl, 52
Ambien, 42
Ambien CR, 42
AmBisome, 63
Ambulatory care pharmacists, 159
Amerge, 38
American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP), 102, 107
Amifostine, 67
Aminophylline, 47
Aminosalicylates, 55, 70
Amitriptyline, 39, 40
Amlodarone, 46
Amlodipine, 46
Amlodipine/atorvastatin, 43, 46
Amlodipine/benazepril, 46
Amlodipine/olmesartan, 45
Amlodipine/olmesartan/HCTZ, 46
Amlodipine/valsartan, 45
Amlodipine/valsartan/HCTZ, 45
Amnesteem, 123, 157
Amoxicillin, 62
Amoxicillin/clavulanate, 62
Amphetamine, 42
Amphotericin B, 63
Ampicillin, 62
Ampules, 81
Amylin analog, 53
Anabolic Steroid Control Act, 117
Anafranil, 40
Anaprox DS, 50
Anastrozole, 66
Ancef, 60
Androgen hormone inhibitors, 60
Angiomax, 65
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), 45
Anidulafungin, 63
Antiepileptics, 36–37
Anoro Ellipta, 47
Antagonists, 143
Antara, 43
Anteroom, 78
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARB), 70
Anthracyclines, 70
Antiallergy agents, ophthalmic, 57
Antiarrhythmic agents, 46
Antibiotic agents, 57, 66
Antibiotic/steroid combinations, ophthalmic agents, 57
Anticholinergics, 37, 47
Anticoagulants, 65
MAOIs, 40
for neuropathic pain, 39
SNRIs, 40
SSRIs, 40
tricyclic, 40
Antidiabetic agents (hypoglycemics), 52–53
Antidiarrheal medications containing opiate, 119
Antiemetic agents, 55
Antiepileptics, 39, 41
Antifungal agents, 63, 70
Antihistamines, 48
Anti-infectives, 60–64
antifungals, 63
antiviral agents, 62–63
cephalosporins, 60–61
fluoroquinolones, 61
macrolides, 61
penicillins, 62
vaccines, 64
Antimetabolites, 66
Antineoplastic drugs, 83, 176
Antipsychotics, 41–42
Antithrombotics, 104
Antitussives, 49
Antivert, 55
Antiviral agents, 57, 62–63, 70
Anxiety disorders, drugs for, 41
Anzemet, 55
Apidra, 52
Apixaban, 65
Apokyn, 37
Apomorphine, 37
Apothecary system, 15–17
avoirdupois system, 15
equivalencies between systems, 15–16
household system, 15
temperature conversion, 16
time conversion, 17
Apraclonidine, 57
Aprepitant, 55
Apriso, 55
Aptiom, 36
Aptivus, 63
Aqueous solutions, 132–133
Arabic numbers, 9
ARB (angiotensin II receptor antagonists), 70
Arbidopa/levodopa/entacapone, 37
Arcapta, 47
Arformoterol, 47
Argatroban, 65
Aricept, 37
Arimidex, 66
Aripiprazole, 41, 42
Arixtra, 65
Armour Thyroid, 54
Arnuity Ellipta, 48
Aromasin, 66
Aromatase inhibitors, 66, 70
Artane, 37
Arthritis, biologic agents to treat, 58
Arthrotec, 50
Asacol HD, 55
ASAP, 151
Ascorbic acid, 69
Aseptic techniques, in IV therapy, 76
ASHP Technical Assistance Bulletin on Single Unit and Unit Dose Packages of Drugs, 92
Asmanex, 48
Asmanex HFA, 48
Asparaginase, 68
Aspart, 52
Aspart protamine and aspart, 52
Astelin, 48
Asthma, agents to treat, 47
Atacand, 45
Atacand HCT, 45
Atazanavir (ATV), 62
Atelvia, 49
Atenolol, 44, 46
Atenolol/chlorthalidone, 44
Ativan, 36, 41, 119
Atomoxetine, 43
Atorvastatin, 43
Atrovent HFA, 47
Atypical antipsychotics, 41, 42
Aubagio, 38
Augmentin, 62
Automated dispensing cabinets (ADCs), 103, 192, 193
Automated medication dispensing devices, 158
Automated repackaging systems, 90–91
Automated system for inventory management, 178–179
Automated TPN compounding, 82–83
Automation, 107
Avalide, 45
Avandia, 52
Avapro, 45
Avastin, 67
Avelox, 61
Average manufacturer price (AMP), 186–187
Average sales price (ASP), 186–187
Average wholesale price (AWP), 186
Avinza, 51
Avodart, 60
Avoirdupois system, 15
Avonex, 38
Axert, 38
Azasan, 55
AzaSite, 57
Azathioprine, 55
Azelastine, 48, 57
Azelastine/fluticasone, 49
Azilect, 37
Azilsartan, 45
Azithromycin, 57, 61
Azole antifungals, 63
Azopt, 57
Azor, 45
Azulfidine, 55
Azurette, 59
B
Baclofen, 39, 50
Balsalazide, 55
Barbiturates, 70
Barcode-assisted medication administration (BCMA), 102, 158, 175, 192–193
Basaglar, 52
Basal (long-acting) insulins, 52
Batch repacking, 90
Beclomethasone, 48, 49
Beconase AQ, 49
Benadryl, 48
Benazepril, 45
Benazepril/HCTZ, 45
Benicar, 45
Benicar HCT, 45
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), agents used to treat, 60
Benzodiazepines, 41, 42, 70
Benztropine, 37
Besifloxacin, 57
Besivance, 57
Beta blockers, 44, 57, 70
Betagan, 57
Betapace, 44, 46
Betaseron, 38
Betaxolol, 57
β-adrenergic antagonists (beta-blockers), 70
Betoptic-S, 57
Betrixaban, 65
Bevacizumab, 67
Bevel, needle, 80
Bevyxxa, 65
Bexarotene, 68
Beyond-use date (BUD), 81–82, 86, 92
Biaxin, 61
Bicillin, 62
Bicillin LA, 62
BiCNU, 66
Biguanides, 52
Bile acid sequestrants, 43
Billing/reimbursement and information systems, 186–203
accounting basics, 186
claims processing, 189–190
computer skills, basic, 191
downtime planning, 196
payment for drugs and dispensing services, 187–189
pharmacy informatics, 191–192, 196, 197
prescription processing, 190–191
reimbursement basics, 186–187
retail practice, 194–195
self-assessment answers, 202
self-assessment questions, 198–202
terminology, key, 191–193
Bimatoprost, 57
Bioavailability, 140
Biological product substitution, 121
Biological safety cabinets (BSCs), 77, 83
Biologic response modifiers, 67
Biopharmaceutics, 140
Bipolar disease, drugs for, 41
Bisacodyl, 56
Bisoprolol, 44
Bisoprolol/HCTZ, 44
Bisphosphonates, 49
Bitter orange, 71
Bivalirudin, 65
Bleomycin, 66
Bleph-10, 57
Blister packages, 90
Body surface area (BSA), 17–18
Body systems, drugs that effect, 36–58
cardiovascular system, 43–46
endocrine system, 52–54
gastrointestinal system, 54–56
musculoskeletal system, 49–51
nervous system, 36–43
other body systems, 57–58
respiratory system, 47–49
urinary system, 56
Bolus dose, 139
Bone supplements, 71
Bonine, 55
Boniva, 49
Borrowing pharmaceuticals, 174
Bortezomib, 68
Bowel evacuants, 56
Brand name drugs, 121–122, 150
Bravelle, 59
Breo Ellipta, 47
Brevibloc, 46
Brimonidine, 57
Brimonidine/Timolol, 57
Brinzolamide, 57
Brinzolamide/Brimonidine, 57
Brivaracetam, 36
Briviact, 36
Broad-spectrum penicillins, 62
Brodalumab, 58
Bromocriptine, 37
Brovana, 47
Bubble packs, 90
Buccal route of administration, 137, 138
Buccal tablets and films, 134, 137
Budesonide, 48, 49
Buffer room, 78
Bulk-forming laxatives, 56
Bumetanide, 44
Bumex, 44
Buprenex, 51
Buprenorphine, 51
Buprenorphine with naloxone, 51
Bupropion, 39, 40
BuSpar, 41
Buspirone, 41
Busulfan, 66
Busulfex, 66
Butalbital, acetaminophen, caffeine, 39
Butalbital, acetaminophen, caffeine, codeine, 39
Butalbital, aspirin, caffeine, 39
Butalbital, aspirin, caffeine, codeine, 39
Butalbital and acetaminophen, 39
Butalbital-containing products, 39
Butorphanol, 51
Bydureon, 53
Byetta, 53
Bystolic, 44
C
Cabazitaxel, 67
Caduet, 43, 46
Cafergot, 39
Caffeine, 71
Calan, 46
Calcitonin, 49
Calcium, 69, 71
Calcium carbonate, 49
Calcium carbonate + vitamin D, 49
Calcium channel blockers, 46, 70
Calcium citrate, 49
Calcium supplements, 49
Calculations
chemotherapy, 23–24
dosage, 17–19
errors in, 103
patient-specific, 17
practice, 25–31
practice answers, 31–34
Caltrate +D, 49
Campath, 67
Camptosar, 68
Canagliflozin, 53
Canagliflozin/metformin, 53
Canasa, 55
Cancidas, 63
Candesartan, 45
Candesartan/HCTZ, 45
Capecitabine, 66
Caplets, 134, 135
Capsaicin, 39
Capsules, 89, 134, 135
Captopril, 45
Carbamazepine, 36, 39, 41
Carbidopa/levodopa, 37
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, 57, 70
Carboplatin, 67
Cardene, 46
Cardiovascular system, drugs that effect, 43–46
ACE inhibitors and ARBs, 45
antiarrhythmic agents, 46
beta blockers, 44
calcium channel blockers, 46
cholesterol-lowering agents, 43
diuretics, 44
Cardizem, 46
Cardura, 60
Cardura XL, 60
Carisoprodol, 50
Carmustine, 66
Carrying costs, 177
Carvedilol, 44
Cash price, 187
Caspofungin, 63
Cathflo, 65
Caverject, 60
Cedax, 61
Cefaclor, 60
Cefadroxil, 60
Cefazolin, 60
Cefdinir, 61
Cefepime, 61
Cefixime, 61
Cefotaxime, 61
Cefotetan, 61
Cefoxitin, 61
Cefpodoxime, 61
Cefprozil, 61
Ceftaroline, 61
Ceftazidime, 61
Ceftibuten, 61
Ceftin, 61
Ceftriaxone, 61
Cefuroxime, 61
Celebrex, 50
Celecoxib, 50
Celexa, 40
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), 77, 125, 171, 189
Centralized pharmacy services, 157–158
Cephalexin, 60
Cephalosporins, 60–61, 70
Cerebyx, 36
Certified nursing assistants (CNAs), 160
Certolizumab, 55, 58
Cervical cancer, 64
Cetirizine, 48
Cetrorelix, 59
Cetrotide, 59
Cetuximab, 67
Chain pharmacies, 159
Chantix, 124
Checkpoints, 93
Chemotherapy calculations, 23–24
Chemotherapy drugs, 66–68, 104, 105
Chewable tablets, 135
Chicken pox, 64
Child-resistant packaging, 122
Chlorambucil, 66
Chlordiazepoxide, 41
Chloride, 69
Chlorothiazide, 44
Chlorpheniramine, 48
Chlorpromazine, 42
Chlor-Trimeton, 48
Chlorzoxazone, 50
Cholesterol-lowering agents, 43
Cholestyramine, 43
Cholinesterase inhibitors, 37
Chondroitin, 71
Chorionic gonadotropin, 59
Cialis, 60
Ciclesonide, 48, 49
Ciloxan, 57
Cimetidine, 54
Cimzia, 55, 58
Cipro, 61
Ciprofloxacin, 57, 61
Cisplatin, 67
Citalopram, 40
Citracal, 49
Citroma, 56
Citrucel, 56
Claforan, 61
Claims processing, 189–190
Claravis, 123, 157
Clarinex, 48
Clarithromycin, 61
Claritin, 48
Cleaning, 78, 84
Clean room, 78
Clear Eyes, 57
Clemastine, 48
Clevidipine, 46
Cleviprex, 46
Clinical decision support (CDS) system, 192
Clinic pharmacies, 159
Clinics, claims processing in, 190
Clobazam, 36
Clobetasol, 58
Clobex, 58
Clodan, 58
Clomiphene, 59
Clomipramine, 40
Clonazepam, 36, 41
Closed-system containers, 81
Cloxacillin, 62
Clozapine, 42, 123, 157
Clozaril, 42, 123, 157
Codeine, 51, 119
Cogentin, 37
Colace, 56
Colazal, 55
Colesevelam, 43
Colestid, 43
Colestipol, 43
Color coding, 105
Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act (CMEA), 117, 120
Combigan, 57
Combivent Respimat, 47
Community pharmacies, 159–160, 190
Competency. see Education and training
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), 71
Compliance errors, 102
Compounded preparations, 88–89
capsules, 89
handling considerations, 176–177
lozenges and troches, 89
solutions and suspensions, 88–89
suppositories, 89
Compounded sterile preparations (CSPs)
beyond-use dating, 81–82
defined, 77
gowning, 78–79
intravenous workflow software, 193
primary engineering control, 77
Compounding
errors, 106
manufacturers, 180
manufacturing differentiated from, 85
nonsterile, 88–93
pharmacy, 75, 77
prescription, 85–88
self-assessment answers, 99
self-assessment questions, 94–98
sterile, 75–88
Compounding aseptic isolators (CAIs), 83
Compounding Quality Act, 180
Compounding supplies, 79–82
beyond-use dating, 81–82
drug additive containers, 80–81
needles, 80
syringes, 79–80
Compressed tablets, 134
Compro, 55
Computerization
inventory management system, 178–179
medication errors, 107
testing, 5
Computerized physician order entry (CPOE), 192
Computer order entry errors, 102
Computer skills, basic, 191
Comtan, 37
COMT inhibitors, 37
Concentration
expressed as percentages, 12, 19, 20
expressed as ratio strength, 20–21
Concerta, 43, 119
Consumer medicine information (CMI), 122
Consumer payments (self-pay), 187
Containers and repackaging materials, 90
Continuous infusion, 139
Continuous medications or drips, 76
Continuous quality improvement (CQI), 125, 126
Contraceptives, 59
Controlled substances, 118–120
defined, 118
dispensing, 119–120
ephedrine or pseudoephedrine, restrictions on sales of, 120
labeling of, 119
product handling considerations, 175–176
schedules for, 118–119
state prescription drug monitoring programs, 120
Controlled Substances Act, 118
Controlled Substances Ordering System (CSOS), 175
Conventional amphotericin B, 63
Conventional antipsychotics, 42
Conversion factor, 15
Conversions
temperature, 16
time, 17
Copaxone, 38
Copayment, 186
COPD, agents to treat, 47
Cordarone, 46
Coreg, 44
Coreg CR, 44
Corgard, 44
Coring, 81
Correctol, 56
Cortaid, 58
Corticosteroids, 58, 70
Cortizone-10, 58
Corvert, 46
Cosentyx, 58
Cosmegen, 66
Cosopt, 57
Cough and cold agents, 49, 119
Coumadin, 65
Council for Medication Error reporting and Prevention (NCC MERP), 101, 104
Counterfeit pharmaceuticals, 179
Course dose versus daily dose, 105
Covered entities, 180, 187
COX-2 inhibitors, 50
Cozaar, 45
Creams, 135
Crestor, 43
Crinone, 59
Critical area, 79
Crixivan, 63
Crolom, 57
Cromolyn, 57
Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes, 190
Cyanocobalamine, 69
Cyclobenzaprine, 50
Cyclophosphamide, 66
Cyclosporine, 57
Cymbalta, 39, 40
CYP enzymes, 142
Cyramza, 67
Cytarabine, 66
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) system, 141
Cytomel, 54
Cytoprotective agents, 67
Cytosar, 66
Cytoxan, 66
D
Dabigatran, 65
Dabrafenib, 68
Dacarbazine, 66
Daclizumab, 38
Dactinomycin, 66
Dalmane, 42
Dantrium, 50
Dantrolene, 50
Dapagliflozin, 53
Dapagliflozin/metformin, 53
Darifenacin, 56
Darunavir (DRV), 62
Dasatinib, 68
Daunorubicin, 66
Daypro, 50
Day’s supply of medication, calculating, 18–19
Daytrana, 43
Decentralized pharmacy services, 157–158
Decimal numbers
converting fractions to, 10
converting mixed numbers to, 11
converting to mixed numbers or fractions, 11
rules governing use of, 11
Decongestants, 49
Deductible, 188
Definition of terms, 4
Degludec, 52
Degludec and liraglutide, 52
Delavirdine (DLV), 62
Delsym, 49
Demadex, 44
Demerol, 51, 119
Denosumab, 49
Depacon, 36
Depakene, 36, 39
Depakote, 36, 39, 41
Depakote ER, 36
Department of Defense, 189
Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), 189
Depocyt, 66
Depo-Provera, 59
Depression, CAM supplements for, 71
Desipramine, 40
Desirudin, 65
Desloratadine, 48
Desonide, 58
DesOwen, 58
Desoximetasone, 58
Desvenlafaxine, 40
Desyrel, 40
Detemir, 52
Deteriorated drug errors, 102
Deteriorated medications, 106
Det Norske Veritas Healthcare, Inc (DNV), 77, 159
Detrol, 56
Detrol LA, 56
Dexedrine, 42
Dexilant, 54
Dexlansoprazole, 54
Dexmethylphenidate, 42
Dextroamphetamine, 42
Dextromethorphan, 49
Dextrose 5% in normal saline (D5NS), 20
Dextrose 5% in water (D5W), 20
Dextrose 10% in water (D10W), 20
D.H.E., 39, 45
Diagnosis codes, 190
Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs), 188, 190
Diastat, 36
Diazepam, 36, 41, 50, 119
Diclofenac, 50
Diclofenac/misoprostol, 50
Didanosine (ddl), 62
Dietary supplements, 160
Diflucan, 63
Dihydroergotamine, 39
Dihydropyridines, 70
Dilantin, 36
Dilaudid, 51
Diltiazem, 46
Dilutions
alligation method, 22–23
made from stock solutions, 21–22
pediatric formulations, 22
Dimenhydrinate, 55
Dimethyl Fumarate, 38
Diovan, 45
Diovan HCT, 45
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, 53, 70
Diphenhydramine, 48
Diphenoxylate/atropine, 119
Direct purchasing, 173–174
Direct thrombin inhibitors, 65
Dirithromycin, 61
Disintegration, 140
Disopyramide, 46
Dispense as Written (DAW), 153
Dispensing fee, 186
Disproportionate share hospitals (DSH), 187
Dissolution, 140
Distractors, eliminating, 3
Distribution, 140–141
Distributor, 174
Ditropan, 56
Ditropan XL, 56
Diuretics, 44
Diuril, 44
Divalproex, valproic acid, 39
Divalproex sodium, 36, 41
Division, 10
Docetaxel, 67
Documentation of medication error, 108
Docusate calcium, 56
Docusate sodium, 56
Dofetilide, 46, 123, 157
Dolasetron, 55
Dolutegravir (DTG), 63
Donepezil, 37
Dopamine agonists, 37
Doral, 42
Dorzolamide, 57
Dorzolamide/Timolol, 57
Dosage calculations, 17–19
based on body surface area, 18
based on weight, 18
basic principle, 17–18
day’s supply, 18–19
24-hour supply, 19
Dose, course versus daily, 105
Downstream contamination, 79
Downtime planning, 196
Doxazosin, 60
Doxepin, 40
Doxorubicin, 66
Dramamine, 55
Drips, 76
Dristan, 49
Dronedarone, 46
Drop, 15
Drug additive containers, 80–81
ampules, 81
vials, 80–81
Drug–allergy interaction, 155
Drug clearance, 141
Drug concentration, 105
Drug-drug interaction, 142, 155
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Form 41, 181
Form 222, 175
numbers, 19, 118, 153, 154
Drug-food interaction, 142
Drug information questions, 160–163
appropriate for pharmacists, 162–163
classifications of, 162
requests and reference sources, 163
Drug interactions, 142
Drug names, TALL man lettering and, 105
Drug preparation errors, 106
Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act (Hatch-Waxman Act), 117
Drug product characteristics, 105
Drug Quality and Security Act (DQSA), 179–180
Drug recalls, 124–126
FDA drug recall classes, 125
FDA’s role in, 124–125
investigational drugs, 125
manufacturer/distributor’s role in, 125
quality assurance mechanisms, 125, 126
Drug-receptor complex, 143
Drug Registration and Listing System (DRLS), 172
Drug Safety Board, 117
Drug shortages, medication errors related to, 102
Drug Supply Chain Security Act (DSCSA), 192
Drug wholesaler, 174
Dry eye agents, 57
DTIC-Dome, 66
Duetact, 53
Dulaglutide, 53
Dulcolax, 56
Dulera, 47
Duloxetine, 39, 40
Duoneb, 47
Durable medical equipment, prosthetics, orthotics, and supplies (DMEPOS), 188
Duragesic, 51
Durham-Humphrey Amendment, 117
Dutasteride, 60
Dutasteride/tamsulosin, 60
Dyazide, 44
Dymista, 49
Dynabac, 61
Dynapen, 62
Dyrenium, 44
E
Echinacea, 71
Echinocandins, 63, 70
Economic models of inventory, 178
Economic order quantity (EOQ), 177, 178
Edarbi, 45
Edecrin, 44
Edex, 60
Edoxaban, 65
Education and training
admixture programs, 85
medication safety, 107
quality control, 92
Edular, 42
Edurant, 62
Efavirenz (EFV), 62
Effervescent tablets, 134
Effexor, 39, 40
Effexor XR, 40
Elavil, 39, 40
Eldepryl, 37
Electrolytes, 21
Electronic eMAR, 153
Electronic infusion devices and smart pumps, 82
Electronic medical (or health) record (EHR), 186, 192
Electronic prescribing (eRx), 194–195
Elestat, 57
Eletriptan, 38
Eligard, 67
Eliquis, 65
Elixirs, 133
Elixophyllin, 47
Elocon, 58
Elspar, 68
Elvitegravir (EVG), 63
Emadine, 57
Emcyt, 66
Emedastine, 57
Emend, 55
Empagliflozin, 53
Empagliflozin/linagliptin, 53
Empagliflozin/metformin, 53
Emsam patch, 37
Emtricitabine (FTC), 62
Emtriva, 62
Enablex, 56
Enalapril, 45
Enalaprilat, 45
Enalapril/HCTZ, 45
Enbrel, 58
Endocrine system, drugs that effect, 52–54
antidiabetic agents (hypoglycemics), 52–53
insulins, 52
thyroid agents, 54
Endometrin, 59
End-product evaluation, 85
End-product testing, 93
Energy supplements, 71
Engineering controls, 77
Enoxaparin, 65
Entacapone, 37
Enteral medications, defined, 75
Enteral route of administration, 137, 138
Entericcoated oral tablets, 134
Entresto, 45
Entyvio, 55
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 177, 179
Enzymes, 141
Ephedrine, restrictions on sales of, 120
Epinastine, 57
Epivir, 62
Eplerenone, 44
Eprosartan, 45
Equetro, 41
Equipment maintenance, 92–93
Eraxis, 63
Erbitux, 67
Erectile dysfunction, drugs for, 60
Ergocalciferol, 69
Ergomar, 39
Ergotamine/caffeine, 39
Ergotamine derivatives, 39
Erlotinib, 68
Error reporting, medication, 103
Erythromycin, 57, 61
Escitalopram, 40
Esgic, 39
Eslicarbazepine, 36
Esmolol, 46
Esomeprazole, 54
Essay exams, 1
Essences, 133
Estazolam, 42
Estramustine, 66
Estrogen and progesterone products, 59
Eszopiclone, 42
Etanercept, 58
Ethacrynic acid, 44
Ethyol, 67
Etodolac, 50
Etoposide, 68
Etravirine (ETV), 62
Evekeo, 42
Evista, 49
Evolocumab, 43
Exalgo, 51
Examination preparation
definition of terms, 4
final review, 4
group review, 4
mock exams, 4
for objective exams, 2, 4
personal preparation, 4
question charts, 3–4
time management, 2
work habits, 2–3
Examinations
multiple-choice questions, 2
test anxieties, 7–8
types of, 1
Excretion, 141–142
Exelon, 37
Exemestane, 66
Exempt narcotics/exempt prescription products, 118, 119
Exenatide, 53
Exforge, 45
Exforge HCT, 45
Ex-Lax, 56
Expectorants, 49
Expenses, 186
Expired pharmaceuticals, disposal and return of, 180–181
Express Scripts, 189
Extemporaneous repackaging, 90
Extended-release dosage forms, 135–136
External phase, 133
Extractives, 132, 133
Extracts, 133
Extravasation in IV therapy, 76
Ezetimibe, 43
Ezetimibe/simvastatin, 43
Ezogabine, 36
F
Factive, 61
Factor Xa inhibitors, 65
Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), 107
Famotidine, 54
Fareston, 68
Farxiga, 53
Fazaclo, 42, 123, 157
Federal poverty limits (FPLs), 189
Federal qualified health centers (FQHC), 187
Fee for service, 186
Feldene, 50
Felodipine, 46
Femara, 66
Fenofibrate, 43
Fenofibric acid, 43
Fenoglide, 43
Fentanyl, 51, 104
Fentora, 51
Fertility agents, 59
Fesoterodine, 56
Fetzima, 40
Fexofenadine, 48
FiberCon, 56
Fibrates, 43
Fifth-generation agent, cephalosporins, 61
Final review, 4, 7
Financial liquidity, 177
Finasteride, 60
Fingolimod, 38
Fioricet, 39
Fioricet with codeine, 39
Fiorinal, 39
Fiorinal with codeine, 39
First-generation agents, 38, 60
5-HT3 antagonists, 55
5-HT agonists, 70
5 rights of medication administration, 158
5α-reductase inhibitors, 70
Flecainide, 46
Flector, 50
Fleet Mineral Oil Enema, 56
Flomax, 60
Flonase, 49
Flonase Sensimist, 49
Flovent Diskus, 48
Flovent HFA, 48
Flow rate calculations, IV, 24
Floxin, 61
Floxuridine, 66
Fluconazole, 63
Flunisolide, 48, 49
Fluocinonide, 58
Fluoroquinolones, 61
Fluorouracil, 66
Fluoxetine, 39, 40
Fluphenazine, 42
Flurazepam, 42
Flurbiprofen, 50
Fluroquinolones, 70
Fluticasone, 49
Fluticasone Furoate, 48
Fluticasone propionate, 48
Fluvastatin, 43
Fluvoxamine, 40
Focalin, 42
Follistim AQ, 59
Follitropin alfa, 59
Follitropin beta, 59
Fondaparinux, 65
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic (FDC) Act, 116, 117, 180
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 117, 121, 122, 124–125, 156, 172, 180, 192
Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act, 117
Food and Drugs Act, 117
Formoterol, 47
Formoterol/budesonide, 47
Formoterol/mometasone, 47
Formulary, 150, 155, 187–188
Formulary system, 172–173
Fortamet, 52
Fortaz, 61
Forteo, 49
Fortical, 49
Fosamax, 49
Fosamax + D, 49
Fosamprenavir (FPV), 63
Fosaprepitant, 55
Fosinopril, 45
Fosphenytoin, 36
Fourth-generation agents, 61
Fractions
converting decimal numbers to, 11
converting percentages to, 12
converting to decimal numbers, 10
converting to percentages, 12
Fragmin, 65
Free-flow protection, 82
Frova, 38
Frovatriptan, 38
Furosemide, 44
Fycompa, 36
G
Gabapentin, 36, 39
Gabitril, 36
Galantamine, 37
Ganciclovir, 57
Ganirelix, 59
Gastrointestinal system, drugs that effect, 54–56
antiemetic agents, 55
histamine-2 (H2) antagonists, 54
inflammatory bowel disease, agents to treat, 55
laxatives, 56
proton pump inhibitors, 54
Gatifloxacin, 57
Gauge of needle, 80
Gefitinib, 68
Gels, 133
Gemcitabine, 66
Gemfibrozil, 43
Gemifloxacin, 61
Gemzar, 66
Generic drugs, 121–122, 150
Generic drug substitution, 121
Generlac, 56
Genital warts, 64
Gentak, 57
Gentamicin, 57
Geodon, 41, 42
Giazo, 55
Gilenya, 38
Ginseng, 71
Glargine, 52
Glargine and lixisenatide, 52
Glatiramer acetate, 38
Gleastine, 66
Gleevec, 68
Glimepiride, 52
Glipizide, 52
Glipizide/metformin, 53
Glitazones (thiazolidinediones), 52
Glove boxes, 83
Glucophage, 52
Glucosamine, 71
Glucotrol, 52
Glucovance, 53
Glulisine, 52
Glumetza, 52
Glyburide, 52
Glyburide/metformin, 53
Glycerin, 56
Glynase, 52
Glyset, 53
Glyxambi, 53
Golimumab, 55, 58
Gonal-F, 59
Good Manufacturing Practice regulations, 180
Gowning, 78–79
Grain, 15
Gram (g), 14–15
Granisetron, 55
Granules, 136
Greek prefixes, 14
Group purchasing organization (GPO), 173
Group review, 4
Guaifenesin, 49
Guselkumab, 58
H
Halcion, 42
Haldol, 42
Half-life, 142
Half normal saline (1/2 NS), 20
Haloperidol, 42
Handwriting, illegible, 105
Hard gelatin capsules, 135
Hazardous drugs (HDs), handling considerations, 176
Hazardous sterile compounding, 83–84
biological safety cabinets, 83
categories of, 83
cleaning requirements of USP Chapter <800>, 84
labeling, storage, and transport, 84
protective apparel, 84
waste disposal and spill cleanup, 84
Headaches, drugs for, 38–39
Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS), 190
Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program (HFAP), 159
Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA), 125
Health Insurance Claim Number (HICN), 190
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), 123
Health maintenance organization (HMO), 159
Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), 180, 187
Heavy metal compounds (platinums), 67
Heparin, 65, 104
Hepatitis A vaccine, 64
Hepatitis B vaccine, 64
Herbals and other dietary supplements, 71
Herceptin, 68
Heroin, 119
Herpes Zoster vaccine, 64
High alert medications, 104, 105
High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, 77–79, 83
High potency corticosteroids, 58
High-risk compounds, 82
Histamine-2 (H2) antagonists, 54
HIV agents, 62–63
HMG CoA inhibitors, 43, 70
Home care, 160
Horizant, 39
Horizontal LAFW, 77
Hormones, as chemotherapy agent, 67
Hospital
receiving and processing medication orders in, 150–153
receiving and processing prescription drugs in, 153
Household system, 15–16
H2 receptor antagonists (H2-blockers), 70
Hub, 80
HumaLOG, 52
HumaLOG 50/50, 52
HumaLOG 75/25, 52
HumaLOG Jr, 52
HumaLOG U 200, 52
Human factors in medication errors, 106
Human Papillomavirus vaccine, 64
Humira, 55, 58
HumuLIN 70/30, 52
HumuLIN N, 52
HumuLIN R, 52
HumuLIN R U-500, 52
Hycamtin, 68
Hycet, 51
Hydroalcoholic solutions, 133
Hydrochlorothiazide, 44
Hydrocodone bitartrate, 51
Hydrocodone with acetaminophen, 119
Hydrocortisone, 58
Hydromorphone, 51, 104
Hydroxyprogesterone caproate, 59
Hyperalimentation. see Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
Hyperosmotic laxatives, 56
Hyperthyroidism, agents to treat, 54
Hypnotic medications, 42, 119
Hypoglycemic agents, 52–53, 104
Hypothyroidism, agents to treat, 54
Hyzaar, 45
I
Ibandronate, 49
Ibritumomab, 67
Ibuprofen, 50
Ibuprofen with hydrocodone, 51
Ibutilide, 46
Idamycin, 66
Idarubicin, 66
Ideal body weight (IBW), 17
Idelalisib, 68
Imatinib, 68
Imipramine, 40
Imitrex, 38
Immediate-use compounds, 81
Immune system modulators, 71
Immunizations, 160
Immunosuppressive agents, 55
Implants, 137
Improper dose error, 102
Imuran, 55
Inactivated vaccines, 64
Inactive metabolite, 141
Incompatibilities in IV therapy, 76
Incretin mimetics, 53
Incruse Ellipta, 47
Indacaterol, 47
Independent pharmacies, 159
Inderal, 46
Inderal LA, 44
Indian Health Service (IHS), 189
Indinavir (IDV), 63
Indocin, 50
Indomethacin, 50
Infections, in IV therapy, 76
Inflammatory bowel disease, agents to treat, 55
Infliximab, 55, 58
Influenza vaccine, 64, 160
Ingredient cost, 186
Inhalants, 136
Inhalation route of medication administration, 138, 139
Inhaled corticosteroids, 48
Inpatient pharmacy services, 157–158
Inpatient setting, claims processing in, 190
Inspra, 44
Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMPs), 104, 107
Institutional patient assistance programs (IPAPs), 187
Institutional pharmacy, 158
Insulin combinations, 52
Insulins, 52, 104
Insulin U-500, 104
Integrase inhibitors, 63
Integration, 192
Intelence, 62
Interferon beta-1a, 38
Interferon beta-1 b, 38
Intermediate-acting insulins, 52
Intermezzo, 42
Intermittent medications, 75–76
Internal phase, 133
International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), 190
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Class 5 environment, 77
Intradermal (ID) route of medication administration, 139
Intramuscular (IM) route of medication administration, 139
Intravenous (IV) therapy
administration, 75–76, 139
admixture programs, 84–85
aseptic techniques, 76
electronic infusion devices and smart pumps, 82
flow rate calculations, 24
gowning, 78–79
labeling, 82
regulations, 76–77
risks of, 76
standard solutions, 20
total parenteral nutrition, 82–83
workflow software, 193
Invega, 42
Invega Sustenna, 42
Invega Trinza, 42
Inventory turnover, 177
Investigational drugs, 125, 157, 176
Invirase, 63
Invokamet, 53
Invokana, 53
Iodides, 54
Iodine, 69
Iopidine, 57
Ipratropium, 47
Ipratropium/albuterol, 47
Iprivask, 65
Irbesartan, 45
Irbesartan/HCTZ, 45
Iressa, 68
Irinotectan, 68
Iron, 69
Isentress, 63
Isocarboxazid, 40
Isopropyl alcohol (IPA), 78, 84
Isopto Carpine, 57
Isotretinoin, 123, 157
Isradipine, 46
Itraconazole, 63
IV piggy backs, 75–76
IV push, 139
IV push medications, 75
Ixekizumab, 58
J
Jakafi, 68
Jalyn, 60
Jantoven, 65
Janumet, 53
Januvia, 53
Jardiance, 53
Jellies, 133
Jentadueto, 53
Jevtana, 67
Joint Commission (TJC), 15, 77, 107, 125, 159, 172
Joint supplements, 71
Just-in-time inventory management, 175, 177, 178
Just-in-time packaging, 90
K
Kadian, 51
Kazano, 53
Kefauver-Harris Drug Amendments, 117
Keflex, 60
Kefzol, 60
Kenalog, 58
Keppra, 36
Ketoconazole, 63
Ketoprofen, 50
Ketorolac, 50
Ketotifen, 57
Kinase inhibitors, 68
Klonopin, 36, 41
Known ratio, 13–14
Kombiglyze XR, 53
Kondremul, 56
Konsyl, 56
L
Labeling
controlled substances, 119
hazardous sterile compounding, 84
IV therapy, 82
medication errors, 105, 106
misleading labels, 175
new labeling requirements, 117
over-the-counter drugs, 122
policies and procedures, 106
prescription drugs, 121–122, 155–156
repackaging, 92
USP-NF Chapter <795>, 87
Labetalol, 44
Lacosamide, 36
Lactulose, 56
Lamictal, 36, 39, 41
Lamictal XR, 36
Laminar airflow hood (LAH), 80
Laminar airflow workstations (LAFWs), 77
Lamivudine (3TC), 62
Lamotrigine, 36, 39, 41
Lansoprazole, 54
Lantus, 52
Lapatinib, 68
Lasix, 44
Latanoprost, 57
Latin prefixes, 14
Laxatives, 56
Lazanda, 51
Legend drug, 150. see also Prescription drugs
Lemtrada, 38, 67
Length, 14
Length, needle, 80
Lescol, 43
Lescol XL, 43
Letrozole, 66
Letters as part of medication names, 105
Leucovorin, 67
Leukeran, 66
Leukotriene modifiers, 47, 70
Leuprolide, 67
Levalbuterol, 47
Levaquin, 61
Levemir, 52
Levetiracetam, 36
Levitra, 60
Levobunolol, 57
Levocetirizine, 48
Levofloxacin, 57, 61
Levomilnacipran, 40
Levonorgestrel, 59
Levorphanol, 51
Levothroid, 54
Levothyroxine, 54
Levoxyl, 54
Lexapro, 40
Lexiva, 63
Lialda, 55
Librium, 41
Lidocaine, 39, 46
Lidoderm, 39
Limited distribution drugs (LDDs), 123–124
Linagliptin, 53
Linagliptin/metformin, 53
Liniments, 136–137
Lioresal, 50
Liothyronine, 54
Lipid complex, 63
Lipitor, 43
Lipofen, 43
Liposomal, 63
Liquid medication dosage forms, 132–133
advantages/disadvantages of, 132
extractives, 132, 133
solutions, 132–133
suspensions, 132, 133
Liraglutide, 53
Lisdexamfetamine, 42
Lisinopril, 45
Lisinopril/HCTZ, 45
Lispro, 52
Lispro protamine and lispro, 52
Liter (L), metric prefixes for, 14
Lithium carbonate, 41
Lithobid, 41
Livalo, 43
Live/attenuated vaccines, 64
Loading dose, 141
Local anesthetics, 70
Lofibra, 43
Lomotil, 119
Lomustine, 66
Long-acting bronchodilators (LABAs), 47
Long-acting insulin and GLP-1 combinations, 52
Long-acting (basal) insulins, 52
Look-alike/sound-alike (LASA) products, 175
Loop diuretics, 44, 70
Lopid, 43
Lopressor, 44, 46
Lopressor HCT, 44
Loratadine, 48
Lorazepam, 36, 41, 119
Lorcet, 51
Lortab, 51
Losartan, 45
Losartan/HCTZ, 45
Lotensin, 45
Lotensin HCT, 45
Lotions, 133
Lotrel, 46
Lotronex, 123
Lovastatin, 43
Lovaza, 43
Lovenox, 65
Low-molecular-weight heparins, 65
Low potency corticosteroids, 58
Low-risk compounds, 81–82
Loxapine, 42
Lozenges, 89, 134, 135
Lubricant laxatives, 56
Lugol’s solution, 54
Lumigan, 57
Lunesta, 42
Lupron, 67
Lupron Depot, 67
Lyrica, 36, 39
M
Macrolides, 61, 70
Magmas, 133
Magnesium, 69
Magnesium citrate, 56
Magnesium hydroxide, 56
Mail-order pharmacies, 159–160
Makena, 59
Managed care insurance, 187
Managed care pharmacies, 159
Manual blister repackaging systems, 90
Manual for Pharmacy Technicians, 5th Edition, 9, 19, 35, 150
Manual pouch repackaging systems, 90
Manual repackaging systems
for oral liquids, 91
for oral solids, 90
MAO-B inhibitors, 37
Margin, 186
Marijuana, 119
Marplan, 40
Mass, 16
Master formulation record, 87
Matching funds, 189
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), 87
Mathematical functions
addition, 10
converting decimal numbers to mixed numbers or fractions, 11
converting fractions to decimal numbers, 10
converting mixed numbers to decimal numbers, 11
division, 10
multiplication, 10
percentages, 12
proportions, 12–14
ratios, 12–14
subtraction, 10
Matulane, 66
Mavik, 45
Maxalt, 38
Maximum allowable cost (MAC), 187
Maxipime, 61
Maxitrol, 57
Maxzide, 44
Measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, 64
Measures, 14–15
Mechlorethamine, 66
Meclizine, 55
Medicaid, 189
Medicare, 188–189, 190
Medicare Advantage Plan, 188–189
Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug plans (MAPDs), 189
Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act, 117, 189
Medication administration record (MAR), 153
Medication dosage forms, 132–137
liquid medication dosage forms, 132–133
self-assessment answers, 147
self-assessment questions, 144–146
semisolid medication dosage forms, 135–137
solid medication dosage forms, 134–135
Medication errors. see Medication safety abbreviations, 104
ASHP guidelines on preventing, 102
automated dispensing cabinets, 103
barcode technology, 102
calculation errors, 103
causes of, 103–106
compounding/drug preparation errors, 106
computer order entry errors, 102
deficiencies in medication-use systems, 106
defined, 101
drug product characteristics, 105
factors contributing to, 103
high-alert medications, 104, 105
impact of, 103
implementing change, 108
prescribing concerns, 105
prevention strategies, 107
procedures for, 108
related to drug shortages, 102
reporting, 103
transitions of care errors, 103
types of, 102–103
work environment and human factors, 106
Medication Guides, 122, 123, 124, 157
Medication management, 158
Medication order
authenticity, assessing, 154–156
defined, 150
in hospital, receiving and processing, 150–153
NDC numbers, 156
Medication reconciliation, 158
Medication safety, 101–114. see also Medication errors
computerization and automation, 107
defined, 101
education and training, 107
failure mode and effects analysis, 107
multiple check systems, 107
process improvement, 107–108
self-assessment answers, 113–114
self-assessment questions, 109–113
standardization, 107
strategies, 106–107
Medication samples, handling considerations, 176
Medication therapy management (MTM), 160
Medication-use systems, deficiencies in, 106
Medium potency corticosteroids, 58
Medium-risk compounds, 82
Medrol, 48
Medroxyprogesterone, 67
Medroxyprogesterone acetate, 59
MedStation, 158
Mefoxin, 61
Megace, 67
Megestrol acetate, 67
Meglitinides, 52, 70
Mekinist, 68
Meloxicam, 50
Melphalan, 66
Memantine, 37
Memantine/donepezil, 37
Meningitis, 64
Meningococcal vaccine, 64
Menopur, 59
Menotropin, 59
Men’s health, 59–60
benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), agents used to treat, 60
contraceptives, 59
erectile dysfunction, drugs for, 60
fertility agents, 59
Mental blocks, 7
Meperidine, 51, 119
Mercaptopurine, 55, 66
Mesalamine, 55
Mesna, 67
Mesnex, 67
Metabolism, 141
Metabolite, 141
Metadate, 43
Metamucil, 56
Metaxalone, 50
Meter (m), 14
Meters squared (m2), 18
Metformin, 52
Methadone, 119
Methimazole, 54
Methocarbamol, 50
Methotrexate, 66
Methylcellulose, 56
Methylin, 43
Methylphenidate, 43, 119
Methylprednisolone, 48
Methylxanthines, 47
Metoclopramide, 55
Metolazone, 44
Metoprolol, 46
Metoprolol/HCTZ, 44
Metoprolol sodium succinate, 44
Metoprolol tartrate, 44
Metric system, 14, 15
Mexiletine, 46
Miacalcin, 49
Micafungin, 63
Micardis, 45
Micardis HCT, 45
Micronized progesterone, 59
Microzide, 44
Migergot, 39
Miglitol, 53
Migranal, 39
Milks, 133
Milliequivalents (mEq), 21–22
Mineral oil, 56
Minerals, 69
Minimum/maximum (par) level, 177, 178
Minipress, 60
Miotics, 57
Miralax, 56
Mirapex, 37
Mircette, 59
Mirtazapine, 40
Misleading labels, 175
Missing information, 105
Mitomycin, 66
Mitotic inhibitors, 67
Mitoxantrone, 38, 66
Mixed amphetamine salts, 43
Mixed numbers, converting, 11
MMR II, 64
Mobic, 50
Mock exams, 4
Moexipril, 45
Moexipril/HCTZ, 45
Molded tablets, 134
Mometasone, 48, 49, 58
Monitoring errors, 102
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), 40
Monoclonal antibodies, 55, 67–68, 70
Montelukast, 47
Morphine, 51, 104, 119
Mosteller formula, 17
Motrin, 50
Moxifloxacin, 57, 61
MS Contin, 51
MTX, 66
Mucinex, 49
Mucinex DM, 49
Multaq, 46
Multiple check systems, 107
Multiple-choice questions, 2
Multiple-dose vials (MDVs), 81
Multiple products, processing, 106
Multiple sclerosis agents, 38
Multiplication, 10
Multisource products, 173
Musculoskeletal system, drugs that effect, 49–51
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, 50
opioid analgesics, 51
osteoporosis agents, 49
skeletal muscle relaxants, 50
Muse, 60
Mustargen, 66
Mutamycin, 66
Mycamine, 63
Myleran, 66
N
Nabumetone, 50
Nadolol, 44
Nafcillin, 62
Nalbuphine, 51
Namenda, 37
Namzaric, 37
Naphazoline, 57
Naprelan, 50
Naprosyn, 50
Naproxen, 50
Naratriptan, 38
Nardil, 40
Nasacort, 49
Nasal route of medication administration, 138, 139
Nasonex, 49
Natalizumab, 38, 55
Nateglinide, 52
National Centers for Health Statistics, 71
National Drug Code (NDC), 91, 156, 172, 190, 192–193
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 83
Nature-throid, 54
Navelbine, 67
Nebivolol, 44
Nebulizer, 136
Necitumumab, 67
Needles, 80
Nefazodone, 40
Nelfinavir (NFV), 63
Neomycin/polymyxin/dexamethasone, 57
Neomycin/polymyxin/hydrocortisone, 57
Neo-Synephrine, 49
Nervous system, drugs that effect, 36–43
ADHD, drugs for, 42–43
Alzheimer disease agents, 37
antiepileptics, 36–37
antidepressants, 40
antipsychotics, 42
anxiety disorders, drugs for, 41
bipolar disease, drugs for, 41
headaches, drugs for, 38–39
multiple sclerosis agents, 38
neuropathic pain, agents to treat, 39
Parkinson disease, 37
sedative and hypnotic medications, 42
Nesina, 53
Neupro, 37
Neurontin, 36, 39
Neuropathic pain, agents to treat, 39
Nevirapine (NVP), 62
New drug application (NDA), 121
New England Compounding Center (NECC), 179
Nexavar, 68
Nexium, 54
Next Choice, 59
Niacin, 43, 69
Niacin/lovastatin, 43
Niacin/simvastatin, 43
Niaspan, 43
Nicardipine, 46
Nicotinic acid, 43, 69
Nifedipine, 46
Nilotinib, 68
Nimodipine, 46
Nisoldipine, 46
Nitrates, 70
Nivolumab, 67
Nizatidine, 54
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, 37
Nomograms, 17
Non-antineoplastic drugs, 83, 176
Nonaqueous solutions, 133
Nonbenzodiazepine, 41
Nonbenzodiazepines, 42
Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers, 70
Nonformulary items, 173, 176
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), 62
Nonsterile compounding, 88–93
beyond-use date, 92
categories of, 88
commonly compounded preparations, 88–89
repackaging, 89–93
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 50, 124, 157
Nonstimulants, 43
Norco, 51, 119
Normal saline (NS), 20
Norpace, 46
Norpace CR, 46
Norpramin, 40
Nortriptyline, 39, 40
Norvasc, 46
Norvir, 63
Novantrone, 38, 66
Novarel, 59
NovoLIN 70/30, 52
NovoLIN N, 52
NovoLIN R, 52
NovoLOG, 52
NovoLOG 70/30, 52
Noxafil, 63
NPH, 52
NPH and regular, 52
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), 62
Nucynta, 39, 51
Numbers, 9–10
Arabic, 9
as part of medication names, 105
decimal, 10–11
Roman, 9–10
Nutritional and dietary supplements, 69–71
herbals and other dietary supplements, 71
minerals and their functions in body, 69
therapeutic classes with common prefixes and suffixes, 70–71
vitamins, 69
NuvaRing, 59
Nymalize, 46
O
Objective exams, 1
computerized testing, 5
final review, 7
mental blocks, 7
preparation for, 2, 4
test-taking strategies, 5–6
trouble areas in, 6–7
OBRA 90, 116
Ocrelizumab, 38
Ocrevus, 38
Ocuflox, 57
Office of Pharmacy Affairs, 187
Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, 192
Ofloxacin, 57, 61
Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, 133
Ointments, 135
Olanzapine, 41, 42
Olanzapine/fluoxetine, 41
Olmesartan, 45
Olmesartan/HCTZ, 45
Olodaterol, 47
Olopatadine, 48, 57
Olux, 58
Omega-3 fatty acids, 43
Omeprazole, 54
Omission errors, 102
Omnaris, 49
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act, 116
Omnicef, 61
Omnicell, 158, 179
Oncaspar, 68
Ondansetron, 55
Onfi, 36
Onglyza, 53
Opana, 51
Opana ER, 51
Opdivo, 67
Ophthalmic agents, 57
Ophthalmic route of medication administration, 138, 139
Opioids, 51, 104
Oral corticosteroids, 48
Oral/inhaled corticosteroids, 48
Oral liquid systems, 91
Oral orders, 105
Oral route of administration, 137, 138
Oral solid systems, 90–91
Oramorph SR, 51
Orapred, 48
Order book, 177–178
Organization, 2
Orphenadrine, 50
Os-Cal, 49
Os-cal + D, 49
Oseni, 53
Osteoporosis agents, 49
Other body systems, drugs that affect, 57–58
ophthalmic agents, 57
psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, biologic agents to treat, 58
topical corticosteroids, 58
Otic route of medication administration, 138, 139
Outpatient hospitals, claims processing in, 190
Outpatient PPS (OPPS), 190
Outsourcing facility, 180
Overactive bladder disorder, agents used to treat, 56
Overhead costs, 186
Over-the-counter drug review, 117
Over-the-counter (OTC) medications, 150
Oxaliplatin, 67
Oxaprozin, 50
Oxaydo, 51
Oxcarbazepine, 36, 41
Oxtellar XR, 36
Oxybutynin, 56
Oxycodone, 51, 119
OxyContin, 51, 119
OxyIR, 119
Oxymetazoline, 49
Oxymorphone, 51
P
Pacerone, 46
Package inserts, 121–122
Paclitaxel, 67
Paliperidone, 42
Palonosetron, 55
Pamelor, 39, 40
Pantoprazole, 54
Pantothenic acid, 69
Parathyroid hormone analog, 49
Parenteral medications, 75–77. see also Intravenous (IV) therapy; see also Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
defined, 75
route of administration, 137, 138, 139
Pareto/ABC analysis, 177, 178
Parkinson disease, 37
Par level, 177, 178
Parlodel, 37
Parnate, 40
Paroxetine, 40
Particulate matter in IV therapy, 76
Pastes, 135
Pastilles, 135
Pataday, 57
Patanase, 48
Patanol, 57
Pathocil, 62
Patient counseling, 87, 107
Patient data, integrating, 195
Patient identification numbers, 151
Patient package insert (PPI), 121, 122
Patient privacy, 122–123
Patient-specific calculations, 17
Paxil, 40
Paxil CR, 40
Payment for drugs and dispensing services, 187–189
consumers (self-pay), 187
private insurance, 187–188
public payers, 188–189
PCSK-9 inhibitors, 43
PDE5 inhibitors (phosphodiesterase inhibitors), 70
Pediatric formulations, 22
Pegaspargase, 68
Pemetrexed, 66
Penicillinase-resistant penicillins, 62
Penicillin G, 62
Penicillins, 62, 70
Penicillin VK, 62
Pentasa, 55
Pepcid, 54
Perampanel, 36
Percentages, 12
concentration expressed as, 19, 20
converting to fractions, 12
fractions converted to, 12
Percentage strength, 19
Percent volume-in-volume (v/v), 12, 19, 20
Percent weight-in-volume (w/v), 12, 19, 20
Percent weight-in-weight (w/w), 12, 19, 20
Percocet, 51
Perforomist, 47
Peri-Colace, 56
Perindopril, 45
Peristaltic pumps, 91
Personal protective equipment (PPE), 78–79, 84
Pexeva, 40
Pharmaceutical waste management, 179
Pharmacist counseling, 116, 118
Pharmacodynamics, 142
Pharmacogenomics, 142
Pharmacokinetics, 140–142
absorption, 140
distribution, 140–141
drug interactions, 142
excretion, 141–142
metabolism, 141
patient variables affecting, 142
Pharmacology review
anti-infectives, 60–64
body systems, drugs that effect, 36–58
hematologic agents, 65
nutritional and dietary supplements, 69–71
oncologic agents, 66–68
self-assessment answers, 74
self-assessment questions, 72–74
vaccines, 64
women’s and men’s health, 59–60
Pharmacy
accrediting and regulatory agencies, 159
administration of medications, 158
community pharmacies, 159–160
dietary supplements, 160
drug information questions, 160–163
home care, 160
immunizations, 160
inpatient pharmacy services, 157–158
institutional pharmacy, 158
medication management, 158
medication therapy management, 160
practice trends, 160
professional roles in, 149–150
self-assessment answers, 169
self-assessment questions, 164–169
terms and abbreviations, 150
transitions of care, 158–159
Pharmacy and Therapeutics (P&T) Committee, 158
Pharmacy benefits managers (PBMs), 159, 187–188
Pharmacy compounding, 75, 77
Pharmacy informatics, 191–192, 196, 197
defined, 191–192
knowledge, skills, and abilities, 197
specialized roles in, 196, 197
Pharmacy information system (PIS), 195
Pharmacy inventory management
compounding manufacturers, 180
counterfeit pharmaceuticals, 179
direct purchasing, 173–174
Drug Quality and Security Act, 179–180
drug wholesaler, 174
expired pharmaceuticals, disposal and return of, 180–181
formulary system, 172–173
maintaining and managing inventory, 177–179
NDC number, 172
pharmaceutical waste management, 179
prime vendor purchasing, 174
product handling considerations, 175–177
purchasing and inventory control system, 172
purchasing groups, 173
receiving process, 174–175
section 340B of the Public Health Service Act (340B), 180
self-assessment answers, 183
self-assessment questions, 181–183
specialty pharmaceuticals, procuring, 180
storing process, 175
Pharmacy law, 115–129
brand name drugs and generic drugs, 121–122
controlled substances, 118–120
drug recalls, 124–126
FDA and drug regulation in U.S., history of, 117
limited distribution drugs, 123–124
patient package inserts, 121–122
patient privacy, 122–123
pharmacist counseling, 116, 118
pharmacy technicians, 116
prescription drug information for patients, 122
risk evaluation and mitigation strategy, 123–124
self-assessment answers, 129
self-assessment questions, 126–129
state boards of pharmacy, 116
state pharmacy laws and regulations, 116
Pharmacy management systems (PMSs), 195
Pharmacy satellites, 157
Pharmacy Technician Certification Board (PTCB), 2, 5
Pharmacy technician informaticist (PTI), 192
Pharmacy technicians, laws and regulations for, 116
Pharmacy terms and abbreviations, 150
Phenelzine, 40
Phenergan, 55
Phenobarbital, 36, 119
Phenylephrine, 49, 57
Phenytoin, 36
Phillips Milk of Magnesia, 56
Phlebitis in IV therapy, 76
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE5 inhibitors), 70
Phosphorous, 69
Physical and occupational therapists, 160
Physician offices, claims processing in, 190
Phytonadione, 69
Pilocarpine, 57
Pioglitazone, 52
Pioglitazone/glimepiride, 53
Pioglitazone/metformin, 53
Piroxicam, 50
Pitavastatin, 43
Plan B, 59
Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA), 108
Platinum compounds, 71
Pneumococcal vaccine, 64, 160
Podophyllotoxin derivatives, 68
Poison Prevention Packaging Act, 122
Policies and procedures
admixture programs, 84–85
borrowing pharmaceuticals, 174
implementing change, 108
labeling, 106
waste disposal and spill cleanup, 84
Poliomyelitis vaccine, 64
Polycarbophil, 56
Polyethylene Glycol–PEG, 56
Portrazza, 67
Posaconazole, 63
Potassium, 69
Potassium chloride concentrated injection, 104
Potassium-sparing diuretics, 44
Potiga, 36
Pouch packaging systems, 90
Powders, 136
Practice exams
answers, 217, 230
questions, 205–216, 219–229
Practice trends, 160
Pradaxa, 65
Praluent, 43
Pramipexole, 37
Pramlintide, 53
Prandimet, 53
Prandin, 52
Pravachol, 43
Pravastatin, 43
Prazosin, 60
Precose, 53
Precursor, 118
Prednisolone, 48
Prednisone, 48
Prefixes
Greek, 14
Latin, 14
with standard measures, 14–15
Pregabalin, 36, 39
Pregnyl, 59
Prepackaging, 90
Preprinted order forms, 107
Prescription compounding, 85–88
Prescription Drug Marketing Act, 117, 181
Prescription drugs
defined, 150
forgeries, 154
in hospital, receiving and processing, 153
information for patients, 122
investigational drugs, 157
prescribing concerns, 105
prescribing errors, 102
processing, 154–156, 190–191
restricted-use medications, handling, 156–157
transferring, 156
Prescription identification (ID) card, 188
Prevacid, 54
Prezista, 62
Prilosec, 54
Primary engineering control (PEC), 77
Prime vendor purchasing, 174
Principen, 62
Prinivil, 45
Prioritizing, 3
Pristiq, 40
Private insurance, 187–188
ProAir HFA, 47
ProAir RespiClick, 47
Procainamide, 46
Procarbazine, 66
Procardia, 46
Process validation, 85
Prochlorperazine, 55
Procrastination, avoiding, 3
Prodrug, 141
Product handling considerations, 175–177
Product similarity, 175
Professional roles in pharmacy, 149–150
Progesterone and estrogen products, 59
Progesterone-only products, 59
Project BioShield Act, 117
Proleukin, 67
Prolia, 49
Promethazine, 55
Prometrium, 59
Propafenone, 46
Propranolol, 44, 46
Propylthiouracil, 54
Proscar, 60
Prospective payment system (PPS), 186, 190
Prostaglandin analogs, 57, 71
Protease inhibitors (PIs), 62–63, 71
Proteasome inhibitor, 68
Protected health information (PHI), 123
Protective apparel. see Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Protonix, 54
Proton pump inhibitors, 54, 71
Protriptyline, 40
Proventil HFA, 47
Provera, 67
Prozac, 39, 40
Pseudoephedrine, 49, 120
Psoriasis, agents to treat, 58
Psoriatic arthritis, agents to treat, 58
Psyllium, 56
PTU, 54
Public Health Service Act, 180
Public payers, 188–189
Medicaid, 189
Medicare, 188–189
other, 189
Pulmicort, 48
Punch cards, 90
Purchase order (PO), 173
Purchasing and inventory control system, 172
Purified protein derivative (PPD), 139
Purinethol, 55
Purixan, 55, 66
Pyridoxine, 69
Pyrogens, 76
Pyxis, 158
Pyxis Medstation, 179
Q
Quality assurance
continuous quality improvement, 125
drug recalls, 125, 126
IV admixture programs, 85
pharmacy technician’s role in, 150
quality improvement, 126
record keeping, 92
Quality control
checkpoints, 93
compounding, 87
drug recalls, 125, 126
end-product testing, 93
maintenance of equipment, 92–93
personnel training and competency, 92
repackaging, 92–93
Quality improvement (QI), 126
Quarter normal saline (1/4 NS), 20
Quazepam, 42
Question charts, 3–4
Questran, 43
Quetiapine, 41, 42
Quinapril, 45
Quinapril/HCTZ, 45
Quinidine, 46
QVAR, 48
R
Rabeprazole, 54
Radiopharmaceuticals, 177
Raloxifene, 49
Raltegravir (RAL), 63
Ramelteon, 42
Ramipril, 45
Ramucirumab, 67
Ranitidine, 54
Rapaflo, 60
Rapid-acting insulins, 52
Rasagiline, 37
Ratio and proportion method, 13–14
Ratio strength, concentration expressed as, 20–21
Razadyne, 37
React, 59
Rebif, 38
Receiving process, 174–175
Reclast, 49
Reclipsen, 59
Reconstitute a vial, 81
Record-keeping systems, for repackaged medications, 92
Rectal route of medication administration, 138, 139
Registered dietitians, 160
Reglan, 55
Regular, 52
Reimbursement basics, 186–187
Rejection code, 188
Relpax, 38
Remeron, 40
Remicade, 55, 58
Remifentanil, 51
Repackaging, 89–91
advantages and disadvantages of, 89
beyond-use dating, 92
containers and repackaging materials, 90
extemporaneous versus batch repacking, 90
labeling, 92
quality control, 92–93
record keeping, 92
unit-dose packaging, 89
unit-of-use packaging, 89–90
Repackaging equipment, 90–91
oral liquid systems, 91
oral solid systems, 90–91
Repaglinide, 52
Repaglinide/metformin, 53
Repatha, 43
Reproductive risk HDs, 176
Requip, 37
Rescriptor, 62
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations, 177
Respiratory system, drugs that effect, 47–49
antihistamines, 48
asthma and COPD, agents to treat, 47
cough and cold agents, 49
oral/inhaled corticosteroids, 48
Respiratory therapists, 160
Restasis, 57
Restoril, 42
Restricted-use medications, 156–157
Retail practice, 194–195
electronic prescribing, 194–195
integrating patient data, 195
pharmacy management systems, 195
telepharmacy, 195
Retinoids, 68
Retinol, 69
Retrospective payment model, 186
Retrovir, 62
Reyataz, 62
Rhinocort, 49
Riboflavin, 69
Rilpivirine (RPV), 62
Riomet, 52
Risedronate, 49
Risedronate/calcium, 49
Risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS), 123–124, 156–157
Risperdal, 41, 42
Risperdal Consta, 42
Risperidone, 41, 42
Ritalin, 43, 119
Ritonavir (RTV), 63
Rituxan, 67
Rituximab, 67
Rivaroxaban, 65
Rivastigmine, 37
Rizatriptan, 38
Robaxin, 50
Robitussin, 49
Robitussin DM, 49
Robotics, 193
Rocephin, 61
Roman numerals, 9–10
Root cause analysis (RCA), 108
Ropinirole, 37
Rosiglitazone, 52
Rosiglitazone/glimepiride, 53
Rosiglitazone/metformin, 53
Rosuvastatin, 43
Rotarix, 64
RotaTeq, 64
Rotavirus gastroenteritis, 64
Rotavirus vaccine, 64
Rotigotine, 37
Routes of administration, 137–139
buccal, 137, 138
enteral, 137, 138
oral, 137, 138
parenteral, 137, 138, 139
self-assessment answers, 147
self-assessment questions, 144–146
subgingival, 137, 138
sublingual, 137, 138
topical, 138, 139
transmucosal, 137, 138
Rowasa, 55
Roxanol, 51
Roxicet, 51
Rozerem, 42
Ruxolitinib, 68
Rx Only, 150
Rythmol, 46
S
Safety Data Sheet, 87
St. John’s wort, 71
Saline laxatives, 56
Salmeterol, 47
Salmeterol/fluticasone, 47
Sanctura, 56
Sanctura XR, 56
Sancuso, 55
Saquinavir (SQV), 63
Sarafem, 40
Savaysa, 65
Saxagliptin, 53
Saxagliptin/metformin, 53
Schedules for controlled substances, 118–119
Scopolamine, 55
Seasonique, 59
Secondary engineering controls (SECs), 78
Second-generation agents, 38, 60–61
Secretagogues, 52
Section 340B of the Public Health Service Act (340B), 180, 187
Secukinumab, 58
Sedative medications, 42, 119
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), 49, 68
Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), 40
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), 40
Selegiline, 37
Semi-automated systems, 91
Semisolid medication dosage forms, 135–137
aerosols, 136
creams, 135
extended-release dosage forms, 135–136
granules, 136
implants, 137
inhalants, 136
liniments, 136–137
ointments, 135
pastes, 135
powders, 136
transdermal patches, 137
Senna, 56
Senna/docusate sodium, 56
Senokot, 56
Senokot-S, 56
Serevent, 47
Seroquel, 41, 42
Seroquel XR, 41, 42
Sertraline, 40
Service units, 190
Serzone, 40
Shaft of needle, 80
Sherley Amendment, 117
Shingles vaccine, 64, 160
Short-acting bronchodilators (SABAs), 47
Short-acting insulins, 52
Short infusion, 139
Sildenafil, 60
Siliq, 58
Silodosin, 60
Simbrinza, 57
Simcor, 43
Simponi, 55, 58
Simvastatin, 43
Sinemet, 37
Sinemet CR, 37
Sinequan, 40
Single-dose vials, 81
Singulair, 47
Sitagliptin/metformin, 53
Site of action, 140–141
Six Sigma, 126
Skelaxin, 50
Skeletal muscle relaxants, 50
Skilled nursing facility, claims processing in, 190
Smart pumps, 82
Social Security Act, 180
Social workers, 160
Sodium, 69
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2) inhibitors, 53
Soft gelatin capsules, 135
Sole-source branded products, 173
Solid medication dosage forms, 134–135
caplets, 134, 135
capsules, 134, 135
lozenges, 134, 135
semisolids, 134, 135–137
suppositories, 134, 135
tablets, 134–135
Solifenacin, 56
Soliqua, 52
Soltamox, 68
Solu-Medrol, 48
Solutions, 88–89, 132–133
Soma, 50
Sonata, 42
Sorafenib, 68
Sotalol, 44, 46
Sotret, 123, 157
Soy, 71
Specialized applications, 193
Specialty pharmaceuticals, procuring, 180
Specialty pharmacy practice, 180
Spill cleanup, 84
Spill kits, 84
Spirits, 133
Spiriva Handihaler, 47
Spiriva Respimat, 47
Spironolactone, 44
Spironolactone/HCTZ, 44
Sporanox, 63
Sprycel, 68
Square meter surface area, 17
SSKI, 54
Stability, 81, 86
Stadol, 51
Stalevo, 37
Standardization, 107
Standard measures, 14–15
Starlix, 52
STAR safety tool, 106
STAT, 151
State boards of pharmacy, 116
State pharmacy laws and regulations, 116
State prescription drug monitoring programs, 120
Stavudine (d4T), 62
Stelara, 55, 58
Sterile compounding, 75–88
admixture programs, 84–85
area, 78–79
aseptic technique, 76
attire, 87
beyond-use date, 86
categories of compounds, 81–82
compounding record, 87
engineering controls, 77
equipment and procedures, 87–88
facilities, 86
hazardous sterile compounding, 83–84
ingredients for, 86
IV administration, types of, 75–76
IV therapy risks, 76
labeling, 82
manufacturing differentiated from, 85
master formulation record, 87
parenteral medications, 75
patient counseling, 87
pharmacy, 75, 77
prescription, 85–88
quality control, 87
regulations, 76–77
Safety Data Sheet, 87
stability, 81, 86
sterile compounding area, 78–79
supplies, 79–82
technique, 79
total parenteral nutrition solutions, 82–83
USP-NF Chapter <795>, 86–87
Stimulant laxatives, 56
Stimulants, 42–43
Stiolto Respimat, 47
Stock rotation, 175
Stock solutions, dilutions made from, 21–22
Stool softeners, 56
Storing hazardous drugs, 84
Storing process, 175
Strattera, 43
Striverdi, 47
Subcutaneous (sub-Q) route of medication administration, 139
Subgingival route of administration, 137, 138
Sublimaze, 51
Sublingual route of administration, 137, 138
Sublingual tablets, 134
Suboxone, 51
Substitutions, 121
Subtraction, 10
Subutex, 51
Sudafed, 49
Sudafed PE, 49
Sufenta, 51
Sufentanil, 51
Sular, 46
Sulfacetamide, 57
Sulfasalazine, 55
Sulfonamides, 71
Sulfonylureas, 52
Sulfur, 69
Sulindac, 50
Sumatriptan, 38
Sumatriptan and naproxen, 39
Sunitinib, 68
Suppositories, 89, 134, 135
Suprax, 61
Surfak, 56
Suspensions, 88–89, 132, 133
Sustiva, 62
Sutent, 68
Symbicort, 47
Symbyax, 41
Symlin, 53
Symmetrel, 37
Sympathomimetics, 57
Synjardy, 53
Synthroid, 54
Syringes, 79–80
T
Tablets, 134–135
Tabloid, 66
Tadalafil, 60
Tafinlar, 68
Tafluprost, 57
Tagamet HB, 54
TALL man lettering, 105
Taltz, 58
Tamoxifen, 68
Tamper-resistant packaging regulations, 117
Tamsulosin, 60
Tanzeum, 53
Tapazole, 54
Tapentadol, 39, 51
Tarceva, 68
Targretin, 68
Tarka, 45
Tasigna, 68
Tasmar, 37
Tavist, 48
Taxanes, 71
Taxotere, 67
Tecfidera, 38
Tech-Check-Tech system, 107
Teflaro, 61
Tegretol, 36, 39, 41
Tegretol XR, 36
Tekturna HCT, 44
Telepharmacy, 195
Telephone orders, 105
Telmisartan, 45
Telmisartan/HCTZ, 45
Temazepam, 42
Temovate, 58
Temperature conversion, 16
Tenecteplase, 65
Teniposide, 68
Tenofovir (TFV), 62
Tenoretic, 44
Tenormin, 44, 46
Terazosin, 60
Teriflunomide, 38
Teriparatide, 49
Terminology, key, 191–193
Terms, definition of, 4
Test anxieties, 7–8
Test-taking strategies, 5–6
Tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis vaccine, 64
Tetanus/diphtheria vaccine, 64
Tetracycline, 71
Tetrahydrozoline, 57
Thalidomide, 123, 157
Thalomid, 123, 157
Theo-24, 47
Theochron, 47
Theophylline, 47
Therapeutic classes with common prefixes and suffixes, 70–71
Thiamine, 69
Thiazide diuretics, 44, 71
Thiazolidinediones, 52, 71
Thioguanine, 66
Thioridazine, 42
Thiothixene, 42
Third-generation agents, 61
Third-party payer, 186, 187
Third-party prescriptions, processing, 188
3-way repeat back patient safety tool, 105
340B drug-pricing program, 180, 187
Thrombolytic drugs, 65, 71
Thyroid agents, 54
Thyroid USP, 54
Thyrolar, 54
Tiagabine, 36
Tiazac, 46
Tigan, 55
Tikosyn, 46, 123, 157
Time allocation, 3
Time conversion, 17
Time management, 2
Timolol, 57
Timoptic, 57
Timoptic-XE, 57
Tinctures, 133
Tiotropium, 47
Tiotropium/olodaterol, 47
Tipranavir (TPV), 63
Tirosint, 54
Tivicay, 63
Tizanidine, 50
TNF-α inhibitors immunomodulators, 70
TNKase, 65
Tobradex, 57
Tobramycin, 57
Tobramycin/dexamethasone, 57
Tobrex, 57
Tocopherol, 69
To do lists, 2–3
Tofranil, 40
Tofranil-PM, 40
Tolcapone, 37
Tolterodine, 56
Topamax, 36, 39
Topical agents
corticosteroids, 58
decongestants, 49
for neuropathic pain, 39
Topical route of administration, 138, 139
Topicort, 58
Topiramate, 36, 39
Topoisomerase inhibitors, 68, 71
Toposar, 68
Topotecan, 68
Toprol XL, 44, 46
Toremifene, 68
Torsemide, 44
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 82–83
automated TPN compounding, 82–83
components of TPN solutions, 82
Total Quality Management (TQM), 126
Toujeo, 52
Toviaz, 56
Tradjenta, 53
Trailing zero, 11, 103, 107
Training. see Education and training
Tramadol, 51
Trametinib, 68
Trandate, 44
Trandolapril, 45
Transdermal patches, 137
Trans-Derm Scop, 55
Transferring prescriptions, 156
Transitions of care, 158–159
errors, 103
Transmucosal immediate-release fentanyl (TIRF) products, 157
Transmucosal route of administration, 137, 138
Transporting hazardous drugs, 84
Tranylcypromine, 40
Trastuzumab, 68
Travatan, 57
Travel vaccines, 160
Travoprost, 57
Trazodone, 40
Tremfya, 58
Tresiba, 52
Tresiba U-200, 52
Trexall, 66
Treximet, 39
Triamcinolone, 49, 58
Triaminic Cold PE, 49
Triamterene, 44
Triamterene/HCTZ, 44
Triazolam, 42
Tribenzor, 46
TRICARE, 189
Tricor, 43
Tricyclic antidepressants, 40
Trifluoperazine, 42
Trifluridine, 57
Triglide, 43
Trihexyphenidyl, 37
Trileptal, 36, 41
Trilipix, 43
Trimethobenzamide, 55
Trintellix, 40
Triptans, 38–39, 70
Trivora, 59
Troches, 89, 135
Trospium, 56
Trulicity, 53
Trusopt, 57
Tudorza, 47
Tums, 49
24-hour supply of medication, calculating, 19
Tykerb, 68
Tylenol #3, 51, 119
Tysabri, 38, 55
U
Ultiva, 51
Ultracet, 51
Ultram, 51
Umeclidinium, 47
Umeclidinium/vilanterol, 47
Unasyn, 62
Unauthorized drug errors, 102
Unfractionated heparin, 65
Unipen, 62
Unique medical record number, 151
Uniretic, 45
Unit-dose packaging, 89
United States Pharmacopeia (USP), 76–77
Unithroid, 54
Unit-of-use packaging, 89–90
Units of measure, 14–15
Units of service, 190
Universal product code (UPC), 192
Unknown ratio, 13–14
Urinary system, drugs that effect, 56
Urofollitropin, 59
Uroxatral, 60
USP-NF Chapter <795>, 86–87
active and inactive ingredients, 86
compounding attire and Safety Data Sheet, 87
compounding facilities, 86
compounding record, 87
labeling, 87
master formulation record, 87
patient counseling, 87
quality control, 87
sources of ingredients, 86
stability and beyond-use date, 86
USP-NF Chapter <800>, 84, 176
Ustekinumab, 55, 58
Usual and customary price, 187
V
Vaccines, 64
Valchlor, 66
Valium, 36, 41, 50, 119
Valproate sodium, 36
Valproic acid, 36
Valsartan, 45
Valsartan/HCTZ, 45
Valsartan/Sacubitril, 45
Vanos, 58
Vardenafil, 60
Varenicline, 124
Varicella vaccine, 64
Varivax, 64
Vaseretic, 45
Vasoconstrictors, 57
Vasotec, 45
Vedolizumab, 55
Velcade, 68
Venlafaxine, 39, 40
Ventolin HFA, 47
Verapamil, 46
Verelan, 46
Versacloz, 42
Vertical LAFWs, 77, 83
Very high potency corticosteroids, 58
VESIcare, 56
Vfend, 63
Viactiv, 49
Viactiv + D, 49
Viagra, 60
Vials, 80–81
Vicodin, 51, 119
Vicoprofen, 51
Victoza, 53
Videx, 62
Vigamox, 57
Viibryd, 40
Vilanterol/fluticasone, 47
Vilazodone, 40
Vimpat, 36
Vinblastine, 67
Vinca alkaloids, 71
Vincasar, 67
Vincristine, 67
Vinorelbine, 67
Viracept, 63
Viramune, 62
Viread, 62
Viroptic, 57
Viscous aqueous solutions, 132–133
Visine, 57
Vitality supplements, 71
Vitamin A, 69
Vitamin B1, 69
Vitamin B2, 69
Vitamin B3, 69
Vitamin B5, 69
Vitamin B6, 69
Vitamin B12, 69
Vitamin C, 69
Vitamin D, 69
Vitamin E, 69
Vitamin K, 69
Vitamin K1 inhibitors, 65
Vitamins, 69
Vitekta, 63
Vivactil, 40
Voltaren, 50
Volume, 14, 16
Volume of distribution, 141
Volumetric pumps, 91
Voriconazole, 63
Vortioxetine, 40
Vytorin, 43
Vyvanse, 42
W
Warfarin sodium, 65
Waste disposal, 84
Water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, 133
Weight
calculating dose based on, 18
metric prefixes for, 14–15
percentage strength measured in, 19
Weight loss supplements, 71
Welchol, 43
Wellbutrin, 39, 40
Wellbutrin SR, 40
Wellbutrin XL, 40
Wholesale acquisition cost (WAC), 186
Wholesaler, 174
Women’s health
CAM supplements in, 59
contraceptives, 59
fertility agents, 59
Work environment, medication errors and, 106
Workflow software, IV, 193
Work habits, 2–3
distractors, eliminating, 3
to do lists, 2–3
organization, 2
prioritizing, 3
procrastination, avoiding, 3
time allocation, 3
Wrong administration technique errors, 102
Wrong dosage form errors, 102
Wrong drug preparation errors, 102
Wrong time error, 102
X
Xalatan, 57
Xanax, 41
Xarelto, 65
Xeloda, 66
Xigduo, 53
Xopenex, 47
Xopenex HFA, 47
Xulane, 59
Xultophy, 52
Xylocaine, 46
Xyzal, 48
Z
Zaditor, 57
Zafirlukast, 47
Zaleplon, 42
Zanaflex, 50
Zantac, 54
Zaroxolyn, 44
Zelapar ODT, 37
Zerit, 62
Zero Defects, 126
Zestoretic, 45
Zestril, 45
Zetia, 43
Zevalin, 67
Ziac, 44
Ziagen, 62
Zidovudine (AZT, ZDV), 62
Zileutin, 47
Zinacef, 61
Zinbryta, 38
Zioptan, 57
Ziprasidone, 41, 42
Zirgan, 57
Zithromax, 61
Zocor, 43
Zofran, 55
Zohydro, 51
Zoledronic acid, 49
Zolmitriptan, 38
Zoloft, 40
Zolpidem, 42
Zolpmist, 42
Zomig, 38
Zonegran, 36
Zonisamide, 36
Zostavax, 64
Zostrix, 39
Zuplenz, 55
Zydelig, 68
Zyflo, 47
Zyflo CR, 47
Zymaxid, 57
Zyprexa, 41, 42
Zyprexa Relprevv, 42
Zyprexa Zydis, 42
Zyrtec, 48
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