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    Fritz BL, Lockhart HE. Chemical stability of selected pharmaceuticals repackaged in glass and plastic. Pharm Tech. (Nov) 1988; 12:44, 46, 48, 50–2.

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    Shields DE, Aclan J, Szatkowski A. Chemical stability of admixtures combining ziconotide with fentanyl or sufentanil during simulated intrathecal administration. Int J Pharmaceut Compound. 2008; 12:463–6.

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    Ben M, Trusley C, Kupiec TC et al. Physical and chemical stability of palonosetron hydrochloride with glycopyrrolate and neostigmine during simulated Y-site administration. Int J Pharmaceut Compound. 2008; 12:368–72.

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    Shields DE, Aclan J, Szatkowski A. Chemical stability of admixtures containing ziconotide 25 mcg/mL and morphine sulfate 10 mg/mL or 20 mg/mL during simulated intrathecal administration. Int J Pharmaceut Compound. 2008; 12:553–7.

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    Donnelly RF, Corman C. Physical compatibility and chemical stability of a concentrated solution of atropine sulfate (2 mg/mL) for use as an antidote in nerve agent casualties. Int J Pharmaceut Compound. 2008; 12:550–2.

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    Ensom MYY, Decarie D, Leung K et al. Stability of hydromorphone-ketamine solutions in glass bottles, plastic syringes, and IV bags for pediatric use. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2009; 62:112–8. [Free Fulltext PMC]

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    Pourroy B, Bausset EM, Boulamery A et al. Incompatibility of imipenem-cilastatin and amoxicillin. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2009; 66:1253–4. [PubMed 19574595]

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    Psathas P, Gilmor TP, Schaufelberger DE, et al. Stability of high and low concentrations of doripenem (500 mg) for injection in representative infusion fluids and containers. ASHP Summer Meeting Poster. Jun 2009.

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    Gole DJ, Ilias J, Vermeersch H, et al. Stability of ceftobiprole for injection (500 mg) in representative infusion fluids and containers. ASHP Summer Meeting Poster. Jun 2009.

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    Eroles AA, Bafalluy IM, Arnaiz JAS. Stability of docetaxel diluted to 0.3 to 0.9 mg/mL with 0.9% sodium chloride injection and stored in polyolefin or glass containers. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2009; 66:1565–8. [PubMed 19710441]

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    Michel M (Medical Information, Eisai, Woodcliff Lake, NJ): Personal communication; 2016 Jan 12.

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    Galanti L, Lebitassy MP, Hecq JD et al. Long-term stability of 5-fluorouracil in 0.9% sodium chloride after freezing, microwave thawing, and refrigeration. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2009; 62:34–8. [Free Fulltext PMC]

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    Athanapoulos A, Hecq JD, Vanbeckbergen D et al. Long-term stability of tramadol chlorhydrate and metoclopramide hydrochloride in dextrose 5% polyolefin bag at 4°C. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2009; 15:195–200. [PubMed 19759051]

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    Pascuet E, Donnelly RF, Garceau D et al. Buffered lidocaine hydrochloride solution with and without epinephrine: stability in polypropylene syringes. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2009; 62:375–80. [Free Fulltext PMC]

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    He J, Figueroa DA, Tze-Peng L et al. Stability of polymyxin B sulfate diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride injection and stored at 4 or 25°C. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. ; 67:1191–4.

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    Walker SE, Iazetta J, Law S et al. Stability of commonly used antibiotic solutions in an elastomeric infusion device. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2010; 63:212–4. [Free Fulltext PMC]

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    Baker DS, Waldrop B, Arnold J. Compatibility and stability of cefotaxime, vancomycin, and ciprofloxacin in antibiotic solutions containing heparin. Int J Pharmaceut Compound. 2010; 14:346–9.

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    Hospira, Inc. Dyloject® (diclofenac sodium) injection for intravenous use prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2014 Dec.

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    Rolin C, Jecq JD, Vanbeckbergen DF et al. Stability of ondansetron and dexamethasone infusion upon refrigeration. Ann Pharmacother. 2011; 45:130–1. [PubMed 21156815]

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    Strong DK, Decarie D, Ensom MHH. Stability of levothyroxine in sodium chloride for IV administration. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2010; 63:437–43. [Free Fulltext PMC]

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    Cote D, Lok CE, Battistella M et al. Stability of trisodium citrate and gentamicin solution for catheter locks after storage in plastic syringes at room temperature. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2010; 63:304–11. [Free Fulltext PMC]

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    Schulz L, Elder E, Jones K et al. Stability of sodium nitroprusside and sodium thiosulfate 1:10 intravenous admixture. Hosp Pharm. 2010; 45:779–84. [PubMed 21625332][Free Fulltext PMC]

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    Amri A, Ben Achour A, Chachaty E et al. Microbiology and physicochemical stability of oxycodone hydrochloride solutions for patient-controlled delivery systems. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2010; 40:87–94. [PubMed 20570483]

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    Theravance. Vibativ® (telavancin) for injection for intravenous use prescribing information. South San Francisco, CA; 2014 Mar.

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    Allergan USA, Inc. Teflaro® (ceftaroline fosamil) for injection prescribing information. Madison, NJ; 2019 Sep.

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    UCB, Inc. Keppra® (levetiracetam) injection prescribing information. Smyrna, GA; 2017 Oct.

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    Mylan Institutional LLC. Levetiracetam in sodium chloride injection prescribing information. Rockford, IL; 2018 Jul.

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    UCBCares Medical Information. Keppra® (levetiracetam) injection: Stability, compatibility and osmolality. 18 Feb 2019.

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    Claris Lifesciences, Inc. Ondansetron injection for intravenous or intramuscular use. North Brunswick, NJ; 2013 Mar.

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    GlaxoSmithKline. Zofran® (ondansetron hydrochloride) injection for intravenous use. Research Triangle Park, NC; 2012 Nov.

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    Astellas. Vaprisol® (conivaptan hydrochloride) injection for intravenous use prescribing information. Northbrook, IL; 2012 Oct.

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    Bang L (Scientific Affairs and Medical Information, Astellas, Northbrook, IL): Personal communication; 2012 Oct 16.

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    Cadence Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Ofirmev® (acetaminophen) injection prescribing information. San Diego, CA; 2010 Nov.

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    Lu C (Director Medical Affairs, Cadence Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA): Personal communication; 2012 Nov 5.

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    Hamdi M, Lentschener C, Bazin C et al. Compatibility and stability of binary mixtures of acetaminophen, nefopam, ketoprofen and ketamine in infusion solutions. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2009; 26:23–7. [PubMed 19122547]

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    Havard L (Service de Pharmacie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris): Personal communication; 2012 Nov 30.

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    Hospira Worldwide, Inc. Pamidronate disodium injection solution for intravenous infusion prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2009 Sep.

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    Bedford Laboratories. Pamidronate disodium injection solution and lyophilized powder for solution for intravenous infusion prescribing information. Bedford, OH; 2012 Aug.

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    Hospira, Inc. Precedex® (dexmedetomidine hydrochloride) injection for intravenous use and in 0.9% sodium chloride injection prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2016 Mar.

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    Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc. Protonix® I.V. (pantoprazole sodium) for injection for intravenous use prescribing information. Philadelphia, PA; 2017 Jul.

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    Donnelly RF. Stability of pantoprazole sodium in glass vials, polyvinyl chloride minibags, and polypropylene syringes. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2011; 64:192–8. [PubMed 22479054]

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    Sanofi-Aventis U.S. LLC. Eloxatin® (oxaliplatin) injection for intravenous use prescribing information. Bridgewater, NJ; 2013 Aug.

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    Pfizer Labs. Oxaliplatin injection for intravenous use prescribing information. New York, NY; 2012 Jul.

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    Caraco Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Ltd. Oxaliplatin for injection for intravenous use prescribing information. Detroit, MI; 2012 Sep.

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    Eiden C, Philibert L, Bekhtari K et al. Physicochemical stability of oxaliplatin in 5% dextrose injection stored in polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polypropylene infusion bags. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2009; 66:1929–33. [PubMed 19850787]

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    JHP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Oxytocin injection prescribing information. Rochester, MI; 2012 Feb.

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    JHP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Pitocin® (oxytocin) injection pharmacy bulk package prescribing information. Rochester, MI; 2012 Apr.

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    APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Oxytocin injection solution for intravenous infusion or intramuscular use prescribing information. Schaumburg, IL; 2007 Dec.

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    Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB. Kineret® (anakinra) for injection for subcutaneous use prescribing information. Stockholm, Sweden; 2013 Oct.

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    Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. Trisenox® (arsenic trioxide) injection for intravenous administration prescribing information. North Wales, PA; 2016 Aug.

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    Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc. Acetadote® (acetylcysteine) injection prescribing information. Nashville, TN; 2013 Jun.

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    Pfizer Injectables. Eraxis® (anidulafungin) for injection prescribing information. New York, NY; 2018 Jan.

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    Pfizer Injectables. Zithromax® (azithromycin) for injection prescribing information. New York, NY; 2017 Mar.

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    Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. Azactam® (aztreonam) for injection prescribing information. Princeton, NJ; 2013 Jun.

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    Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. Azactam® (aztreonam) injection in GALAXY plastic container (PL 2040) for intravenous use prescribing information. Princeton, NJ; 2013 Jun.

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    Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Aztreonam for injection prescribing information. Lake Zurich, IL; 2013 Sep.

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    Hospira, Inc. Hextend® (6% hetastarch in lactated electrolyte injection) prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2014 Nov.

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    AbbVie Inc. Nimbex® (cisatracurium besylate) injection prescribing information. North Chicago, IL; 2013 Jan.

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    Baxter Healthcare Corporation. Brevibloc® (esmolol hydrochloride) injection for intravenous use prescribing information. Deerfield, IL; 2014 Apr.

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    Eisai Inc. Aloxi® (palonosetron HCl) injection prescribing information. Woodcliff Lake, NJ; 2015 Dec.

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    Teva Pharmaceuticals USA. Pancuronium bromide injection prescribing information. Sellersville, PA; 2011 Oct.

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    Hospira, Inc. Pancuronium bromide injection prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2013 Nov.

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    Amgen, Inc. Neupogen® (filgrastim) prescribing information. Thousand Oaks, CA; 2013 Sep.

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    Kaushal G, Sayre BE, Prettyman T. Stability of extemporaneously compounded diltiazem hydrochloride infusions stored in polyolefin bags. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2013; 70:894–9. [PubMed 23640351]

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    Bedford Laboratories. Diltiazem hydrochloride injection prescribing information. Bedford, OH; 2007 Feb.

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    Hospira, Inc. Diltiazem hydrochloride for injection for continuous intravenous infusion not for bolus ADD-Vantage® vials prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2008 Jan.

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    Sanofi-Aventis U.S. LLC. Zaltrap® (ziv-aflibercept) injection for intravenous infusion prescribing information. Bridgewater, NJ; 2013 Oct.

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    Fierro L (Medical Information Services, sanofi-aventis, Bridgewater, NJ): Personal communication; 2012 Dec 4.

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    GlaxoSmithKline. Flolan® (epoprostenol sodium) for injection prescribing information. Research Triangle Park, NC; 2018 May.

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    Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc. Veletri® (epoprostenol) for injection prescribing information. South San Francisco, CA; 2016 Jul.

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    Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. Epoprostenol sodium for injection prescribing information. North Wales, PA; 2017 Aug.

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    Lambert O, Bandilla D. Stability and preservation of a new formulation of epoprostenol sodium for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2012; 6:235–44. [PubMed 23049244]

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    Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Levothyroxine sodium for injection prescribing information. Lake Zurich, IL; 2013 Apr.

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    Frenette AJ, MacLean RD, Williamson D et al. Stability of levothyroxine injection in glass, polyvinyl chloride, and polyolefin containers. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2011; 68:1723–8. [PubMed 21880888]

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    APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Levothyroxine sodium for injection prescribing information. Schaumburg, IL; 2008 Jan.

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    Pfizer Injectables. Cyklokapron® (tranexamic acid) injection prescribing information. New York, NY; 2013 May.

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    Riley J (Medical Information, Pfizer, New York, NY): Personal communication; 2013 Apr 30.

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    Acella Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Tranexamic acid injection solution prescribing information. Alpharetta, GA; 2014 Jan.

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    CRASH-2 trial collaborators, Shakur H, Roberts I et al. Effects of tranexamic acid on death, vascular occlusive events, and blood transfusion in trauma patients with significant haemorrhage (CRASH-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2010; 376:23–32. [PubMed 20554319]

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    Roberts I, Shakur H, Ker K et al. Antifibrinolytic drugs for acute traumatic injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012; 12:CD004896. [PubMed 23418644]

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    Spahn DR, Bouillon B, Cerny V et al. Management of bleeding and coagulopathy following major trauma: an updated European guideline. Crit Care. 2013; 17:R76. [PubMed 23601765]

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    Saleem N (Medical Information, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA): Personal communication; 2014 Apr 4.

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    Astellas Pharma US, Inc. Mycamine® (micafungin sodium) for injection for IV infusion only prescribing information. Northbrook, IL; 2013 Jun.

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    Fleischbein E, Montgomery PA, Zhou CS. Visual compatibility of micafungin sodium and levofloxacin injections. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2012; 69:2130. Letter. [PubMed 23230033]

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    Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Levaquin® (levofloxacin) tablets, oral solution, injection concentrate for intravenous use, and solution in 5% dextrose for intravenous use prescribing information. Titusville, NJ; 2013 Sep.

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    EUSA Pharma (USA), Inc. Erwinaze® (asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi) for injection for intramuscular use prescribing information. Langhorne, PA; 2014 Mar.

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    Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Velcade® (bortezomib) for injection for subcutaneous or intravenous use prescribing information. Cambridge, MA; 2012 Oct.

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    Gilbar P, Seger AC. Deaths reported from the accidental intrathecal administration of bortezomib. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2012; 18:377–8. [PubMed 22801956]

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    Medtronic, Inc. Lioresal® Intrathecal (baclofen injection) prescribing information. Minneapolis, MN; 2013 Oct.

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    CNS Therapeutics Inc. Gablofen® (baclofen injection) prescribing information. St. Paul, MN; 2013 Mar.

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    Anderson C, Boehme S, Ouellette J et al. Physical and chemical compatibility of injectable acetaminophen during simulated y-site administration. Hosp Pharm. 2014; 49:42–7. [PubMed 24421562]

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    Anderson C (Clinical Pharmacist, Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT): Personal communication; 2014 Jan 28.

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    Hospira, Inc. Isuprel® (isoproterenol hydrochloride) injection solution prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2013 Jul.

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    Apotex Inc. Butorphanol tartrate injection solution prescribing information. Toronto, Ontario; 2005 Aug.

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    West-Ward Pharmaceuticals. Butorphanol tartrate injection solution prescribing information. Eatontown, NJ; 2009 Sep.

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    Akorn, Inc. Inapsine® (droperidol) injection for intravenous or intramuscular use only prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2011 Oct.

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    American Regent, Inc. Droperidol injection solution for IV or IM use only prescribing information. Shirley, NY; 2005 Nov.

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    Chen FC, Fang BX, Li P et al. Compatibility of butorphanol and droperidol in 0.9% sodium chloride injection. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2013; 70:515–9. [PubMed 23456405]

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    Beauregard N, Bertrand N, Dufour A et al. Physical compatibility of calcium gluconate and magnesium sulfate injections. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2012; 69:98. [PubMed 22215353]

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    Durata Therapeutics U.S. Limited. Dalvance® (dalbavancin) for injection for intravenous use prescribing information. Chicago, IL; 2014 May.

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    Merck & Co., Inc. Noxafil® (posaconazole) injection, delayed-release tablets, and oral suspension prescribing information. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2015 Nov.

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    Dutta S (Medical Information, Merck, North Wales, PA): Personal communication; 2014 Jun 3.

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    Merck & Co., Inc. Sivextro® (tedizolid phosphate) for injection for intravenous use prescribing information. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2016 Oct.

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    Freeman C (Medical Information, Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA): Personal communication; 2014 Aug 19.

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    Wyeth Pharmaceuticals LLC. Tygacil® (tigecycline) for injection prescribing information. Philadelphia, PA; 2018 Apr.

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    Shionogi Inc. Doribax® (doripenem for injection) powder for solution for intravenous use prescribing information. Florham Park, NJ; 2014 Jan.

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    Ludwig S (Corresponding Author): Personal communication; 2014 May 8.

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    Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc. Zosyn® (piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium) for injection single-dose and pharmacy bulk vials and Zosyn® (piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium) injection single-dose GALAXY® containers prescribing information. Philadelphia, PA; 2014 Feb.

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    Hospira, Inc. Piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium for injection ADD-Vantage® vials prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2013 Sep.

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    Apotex Corp. Piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium for injection pharmacy bulk vials prescribing information. Weston, FL; 2014 Jun.

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    Mylan Institutional LLC. Piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium for injection single dose vials prescribing information. Rockford, IL; 2014 Aug.

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    (Medical Information, Pfizer): Personal communication; 2014.

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    Gilead Sciences, Inc. Vistide® (cidofovir) injection prescribing information. Foster City, CA; 2010 Sep.

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    Heritage Pharmaceuticals Inc. Cidofovir injection prescribing information. Eatontown, NJ; 2013 Oct.

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    JHP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Brevital® sodium (methohexital sodium) for injection prescribing information. Rochester, MI; 2014 Feb.

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    The Medicines Company. Orbactiv® (oritavancin) for injection prescribing information. Parsippany, NJ; 2014 Aug.

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    Kumar A, Mann HJ. Visual compatibility of oritavancin diphosphate with selected coadministered drugs during simulated Y-site administration. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2010; 67:1640–4. [PubMed 20852166]

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    Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Sandimmune® (cyclosporine) capsules, oral solution, and injection prescribing information. East Hanover, NJ; 2015 Mar.

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    Li M, Coursol C, Leclair G. Stability of cyclosporine diluted with 0.9% sodium chloride injection or 5% dextrose injection and stored in ethylene-vinyl acetate containers. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2013; 70:1970–2. Letter. [PubMed 24173005]

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    Nichols KR, Demarco MW, Vertin MD et al. Y-site compatibility of vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam at commonly utilized pediatric concentrations. Hosp Pharm. 2013; 48:44–7. [PubMed 24421422]

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    Lam WJ, Bhowmick T, Gross A et al. Using higher doses to compensate for tubing residuals in extended-infusion piperacillin-tazobactam. Ann Pharmacother. 2013; 47:886–91. [PubMed 23715072]

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    Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Bleomycin sulfate for injection prescribing information. Lake Zurich, IL; 2014 Feb.

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    Hospira, Inc. Bleomycin for injection prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2013 Jan.

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    Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Cladribine injection prescribing information. Lake Zurich, IL; 2013 May.

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    Teva Pharmaceuticals USA. Carboplatin injection prescribing information. North Wales, PA; 2016 Jan.

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    Accord Healthcare, Inc. Carboplatin injection prescribing information. Durham, NC; 2019 July.

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    APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Cytarabine injection prescribing information. Schaumburg, IL; 2008 Jan.

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    Hospira, Inc. Cytarabine injection for intravenous, intrathecal and subcutaneous use only prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2012 Apr.

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    Hospira, Inc. Cytarabine injection pharmacy bulk package prescribing information. Lake Forest. IL; 2012 Apr.

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    Hospira, Inc. Cytarabine injection for intravenous or subcutaneous use only prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2012 Apr.

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    Recordati Rare Diseases Inc. Cosmegen® (dactinomycin) for injection prescribing information. Lebanon, NJ; 2013 Feb.

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    APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Vinblastine sulfate injection prescribing information. Schaumburg, IL; 2011 Oct.

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    Hospira, Inc. Vincristine sulfate injection prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2013 Jul.

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    Hospira, Inc. Mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection concentrate prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2013 Feb.

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    Pfizer Labs. Mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection concentrate prescribing information. New York, NY; 2013 May.

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    Teva Parenteral Medicines, Inc. Daunorubicin hydrochloride injection prescribing information. Irvine, CA; 2012 Sep.

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    APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Etoposide injection prescribing information. Schaumburg, IL; 2008 Jan.

  • 2952.

    Merck & Co., Inc. Intron® A (interferon alfa-2b, recombinant) for injection prescribing information. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2014 Oct.

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    Merck & Co., Inc. Intron® A (interferon alfa-2b, recombinant) powder for solution instructions for use. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2011 Feb.

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    Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Fluorouracil injection solution pharmacy bulk package prescribing information. Lake Zurich, IL; 2014 Jun.

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    Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Fluorouracil injection solution prescribing information. Lake Zurich; 2014 Jun.

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    Accord Healthcare, Inc. Fluorouracil injection solution pharmacy bulk package prescribing information. Durham, NC; 2013 Nov.

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    Accord Healthcare, Inc. Fluorouracil injection solution prescribing information. Durham, NC; 2013 Nov.

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    Merck & Co., Inc. Zerbaxa® (ceftolozane and tazobactam) for injection prescribing information. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2019 Jun.

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    Johnson PR (Medical Information, Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA): Personal Communication; 2014 Dec 23.

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    BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Rapivab® (peramivir) injection prescribing information. Durham, NC; 2014 Dec.

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    Baxter Healthcare Corporation. Cyclophosphamide powder for injection. Deerfield, IL; 2014 Oct.

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    Jansen JJ, Oldland AR, Kiser TH. Evaluation of phenylephrine stability in polyvinyl chloride bags. Hosp Pharm. 2014; 49:455–7. [PubMed 24958958]

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    Pharmacia and Upjohn Company. Idamycin PFS® (idarubicin hydrochloride injection) prescribing information. New York, NY; 2014 Dec.

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    Teva Parenteral Medicines, Inc. Idarubicin hydrochloride injection prescribing information. Irvine, CA; 2011 Sep.

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    APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Methotrexate sodium injection prescribing information. Schaumburg, IL; 2012 Apr.

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    Mylan Institutional LLC. Methotrexate sodium injection prescribing information. Rockford, IL; 2013 Dec.

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    Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Methotrexate sodium for injection prescribing information. Lake Zurich, IL; 2013 Nov.

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    Antares Pharma, Inc. Otrexup® (methotrexate) injection for subcutaneous use prescribing information. Ewing, NJ; 2014 Nov.

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    Medac Pharma Inc. Rasuvo® (methotrexate) injection for subcutaneous use prescribing information. Chicago, IL; 2014 Jul.

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    Merck & Co., Inc. Invanz® (ertapenem) for injection prescribing information. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2014 Sep.

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    McCluskey SV, Vu N, Rueter J. Stability of nitroglycerin 110 mcg/mL stored in polypropylene syringes. Int J Pharm Compd. 2013 Nov-Dec; 17:515–9. [PubMed 24579303]

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    Merck & Co., Inc. Cubicin® (daptomycin) for injection prescribing information. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2017 Mar.

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    Hossain MA, Friciu M, Aubin S et al. Stability of penicillin G sodium diluted with 0.9% sodium chloride injection or 5% dextrose injection and stored in polyvinyl chloride bag containers and elastomeric pump containers. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2014; 71:669–73. [PubMed 24688042]

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    Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc. Busulfex® (busulfan) injection prescribing information. Rockville, MD; 2018 Jan.

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    Cueto-Sola M, Belda-Furió M, Borrell-García C et al. Incompatibility of undiluted busulfan injection with a needle-free valve. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2014; 71:1436–7. Letter. [PubMed 25147165]

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    Woodcock J. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Letter re: Docket nos. FDA-2005-P-0003, FDA-2006-P-0019, FDA-2006-P-0331, and FDA-2006-P-0391: Determine that the discontinued formulation Zosyn (piperacillin and tazobactam for injection), was not discontinued for safety and efficacy reasons. Rockville, MD; US Food and Drug Administration. From regulations.gov website (www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=FDA-2012-P-0507-0001). Accessed 2015 Feb 26.

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    Donnelly RF. Stability of cefazolin sodium in polypropylene syringes and polyvinylchloride minibags. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2011; 64:241–5. [PubMed 22479065]

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    McCluskey SV, Sztajnkrycer MD, Jenkins DA et al. Stability of tranexamic acid in 0.9% sodium chloride, stored in type 1 glass vials and ethylene/propylene copolymer plastic containers. Int J Pharm Compd. 2014 Sep-Oct; 18:432–7. [PubMed 25577894]

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    Astellas Pharma US, Inc. Adenocard® IV (adenosine) injection for rapid bolus intravenous use prescribing information. Northbrook, IL; 2012 May.

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    Astellas Pharma US, Inc. Adenoscan® (adenosine) injection for intravenous use prescribing information. Northbrook, IL; 2014 Aug.

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    Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Adenosine injection for rapid bolus intravenous use prescribing information. Schaumburg, IL; 2013 Jan.

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    Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. Treanda® (bendamustine hydrochloride) injection and for injection prescribing information. North Wales, PA; 2018 Nov.

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    Food and Drug Administration. Treanda (bendamustine hydrochloride) solution by Teva: FDA statement - not compatible with closed system transfer devices, adapters, and syringes containing polycarbonate or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene. 2015 Mar 10. From FDA website. Accessed 2015 Mar 12.

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    Hurtukova D. Dear healthcare provider letter regarding important safety and incompatibility information for Treanda® (bedamustine HCl) injection (45 mg/0.5 mL or 180 mg/2 mL solution). North Wales, PA: Teva Pharmaceuticals USA; 2015 Mar 9. From the FDA website. Accessed 2015 Mar 12.

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    Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Emend® (fosaprepitant dimeglumine) for injection prescribing information. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2014 Oct.

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    Par Pharmaceutical Companies, Inc. Vasostrict® (vasopressin) injection prescribing information. Spring Valley, NY; 2015 Mar.

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    Musaji N (Medical Affairs, Par Pharmaceutical, Inc., Parsippany, NJ): Personal communication; 2015.

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    American Regent, Inc. Vasopressin injection prescribing information. Shirley, NY; 2011 May.

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    Certo J (Medical Information, Recordati Rare Diseases, Lebanon, NJ): Personal communication; 2015 Jun 3.

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    Allergan USA, Inc. Avycaz® (ceftazidime and avibactam sodium) for injection prescribing information. Madison, NJ; 2019 Mar.

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    Guan J (Medical Information, Actavis, Parsippany, NJ): Personal communication; 2015 Jun 12.

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    Astellas Pharma US, Inc. Cresemba® (isavuconazonium sulfate) capsules and for injection prescribing information. Northbrook, IL; 2015 Jun.

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    Sanofi-Aventis U.S. LLC. Ferrlecit® (sodium ferric gluconate complex in sucrose injection) prescribing information. Bridgewater, NJ; Apr 2015.

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    Baribeault D. Short-term stability of a new generic sodium ferric gluconate in complex with sucrose. Curr Med Res Opin. 2011; 27:2241–3. [PubMed 21992082]

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    American Regent, Inc. Methyldopate hydrochloride injection prescribing information. Shirley, NY; 2005 Nov.

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    American Regent, Inc. Torsemide injection prescribing information. Shirley, NY; 2014 Feb.

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    Heritage Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Acetazolamide sodium injection prescribing information. Eatontown, NJ; 2014 Dec.

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    Sanofi-Aventis U.S. LLC. Taxotere® (docetaxel) injection concentration prescribing information. Bridgewater, NJ; 2014 Nov.

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    Hospira, Inc. Docetaxel injection prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2014 Jul.

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    Accord Healthcare, Inc. Docetaxel injection prescribing information. Durham, NC; 2014 Jul.

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    Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc. Docefrez® (docetaxel) for injection prescribing information. Cranbury, NJ; 2014 Nov.

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    Pfizer Injectables. Docetaxel injection prescribing information. New York, NY; 2014 Nov.

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    Sandoz. Docetaxel injection solution prescribing information. Princeton, NJ; 2014 Nov.

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    Actavis Inc. Docetaxel injection concentrate prescribing information. Morristown, NJ; 2014 Sep.

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    Food and Drug Administration. Drug safety communication: FDA warns that cancer drug docetaxel may cause symptoms of alcohol intoxication after treatment. Rockville, MD; 2014 Jun 20. From FDA website. Accessed 2015 Jul 16.

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    Parker EA. Letter: Oxidation of methyldopate hydrochloride in alkaline media. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1975; 32:244. [PubMed 237419]

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    Colby LH (Programming Services, Merck, West Point, PA): Personal communication; 1968 Dec 16.

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    Hospira, Inc. Foscavir® (foscarnet sodium) injection prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2014 Nov.

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    The Medicines Company. Kengreal® (cangrelor) for injection prescribing information. Parsippany, NJ; 2015 Jun.

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    Talon Therapeutics, Inc. Marqibo® (vincristine sulfate liposome injection) prescribing information. South San Francisco, CA; 2012 Oct.

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    Mirza A, Mithal N. Alcohol intoxication with the new formulation of docetaxel. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2011; 23:560–1. Letter. [PubMed 21571513]

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    Parker EA. Letter: Correction in stability data for isuprel hydrochloride admixtures. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1976; 33:528. [PubMed 5891]

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    Eisai Inc. Halaven® (eribulin mesylate) injection prescribing information. Woodcliff Lake, NJ; 2015 Oct.

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    Spindeldreier K, Thiesen J, Lipp HP et al. Physico-chemical stability of eribulin mesylate containing concentrate and ready-to-administer solutions. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2014; 20:183–9. [PubMed 23812666]

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    Institute for Safe Medication Practices. Loss of drug potency. ISMP Medication Safety Alert! Acute Care edition. Horsham, PA; 2015 Jul. From ISMP website. Accessed 2015 Sep 14.

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    X-GEN Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Acetazolamide for injection prescribing information. Big Flats NY; 2013 Mar.

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    West-Ward Pharmaceuticals. Ativan® (lorazepam) injection prescribing information. Eatontown, NJ; 2011 Jun.

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    Abelgas M (Medical Communications, Hospira, Lake Forest, IL): Personal communication; 2014 Sep 9.

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    Hospira, Inc. Lorazepam injection prescribing information. Lake Forest, IL; 2008 Dec.

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    Barr J, Fraser GL, Puntillo K et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2013; 41:263–306. [PubMed 23269131]

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    Janssen Biotech, Inc. Remicade® (infliximab) lyophilized concentrate for injection prescribing information. Horsham, PA; 2015 Nov.

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    Thompson CA. Stability findings raise issue of syringes as storage containers. ASHP Pharmacy News. Bethesda, MD; 2015 Jul. From ASHP website. Accessed 2015 Sep 14.

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    Noe B. BD Medical. July 31, 2015 letter to US syringe customers. Franklin Lakes, NJ; 2015 July. From BD website. Accessed 2015 Sep 14.

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    BD Medical. Technical update to July 31, 2015 letter to US syringe customers. Franklin Lakes. 2015 Jul. From BD website. Accessed 2015 Sep 14.

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    US Food and Drug Administration. FDA alert: Compounded or repackaged drugs stored in Becton-Dickinson (BD) 3 mL and 5 mL syringes: FDA alert - do not use unless there is no suitable alternative. 2015 Aug 18. From FDA website. Accessed 2015 Sep 14.

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    Institute for Safe Medication Practices. ISMP comments on BD syringe potency issues. ISMP Medication Safety Alert! Acute Care edition. Horsham, PA; 2015 Aug. From ISMP website. Accessed 2015 Sep 14.

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    Wesolowski A. BD Medical. September 1, 2015 letter to US syringe customers. Franklin Lakes, NJ; 2015 July. From BD website. Accessed 2015 Sep 14.

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    Noe BE (BD Medical, Franklin Lakes, NJ): Personal communication; 2015 Sep 3.

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    US Food and Drug Administration. FDA alert: FDA expands warning on Becton-Dickinson (BD) syringes being used to store compounded or repackaged drugs. 2015 Sep 8. From FDA website. Accessed 2015 Sep 14.

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    US Food and Drug Administration. FDA warns against using Treanda injection (solution) with closed system transfer devices, adapters, and syringes containing polycarbonate or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene; provides list of compatible devices. 2015 Sep 4. From FDA website. Accessed 2015 Sep 16.

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    Hurtukova D. Dear healthcare provider letter regarding update: important safety and compatibility information for Treanda® (bendamustine HCl) injection (45 mg/0.5 mL or 180 mg/2 mL solution). North Wales, PA: Teva Pharmaceuticals USA; 2015 Sep 2. From the FDA website. Accessed 2015 Sep 15.

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    Tyree D (Medical Information, Otsuka): Personal communication; 2015 Sep.

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    Food and Drug Administration. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Application number: NDA 20–954: Pharmacology review(s). From FDA website.

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    Merck & Co., Inc. Integrilin® (eptifibatide) injection prescribing information. Whitehouse Station, NJ; 2014 Apr.

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    Wieland K (Global Medical Information, Merck, North Wales, PA): Personal communication; 2015 Oct 8.

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    B. Braun Medical Inc. Hespan® (6% hetastarch in 0.9% sodium chloride injection) prescribing information. Bethlehem, PA; 2013 Dec.

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    West-Ward Pharmaceuticals. Phenylephrine hydrochloride injection prescribing information. Eatontown, NJ; 2012 Dec.

  • 3052.

    Éclat Pharmaceuticals. Vazculep® (phenylephrine hydrochloride) injection prescribing information. Chesterfield, MO; 2014 Jul.

  • 3053.

    Biotest Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Bivigam® (immune globulin intravenous [human], 10% liquid) prescribing information. Boca Raton, FL; 2013 Oct.

  • 3054.

    CSL Behring LLC. Carimune® NF, Nanofiltered (immune globulin intravenous [human], lyophilized) prescribing information. Kankakee, IL; 2013 Sep.

  • 3055.

    Grifols Biologicals Inc. Flebogamma® 5% DIF (immune globulin intravenous [human], 5% liquid) prescribing information. Los Angeles, CA; 2015 Apr.

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    Grifols Biologicals Inc. Flebogamma® 10% DIF (immune globulin intravenous [human], 10% liquid) prescribing information. Los Angeles, CA; 2015 Mar.

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    Grifols Therapeutics Inc. GamaSTAN® S/D (immune globulin [human]) prescribing information. Research Triangle Park, NC; 2013 Sep.

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    Baxter Healthcare Corporation. Gammagard® S/D (immune globulin intravenous [human], IgA less than 1 microgram per mL in a 5% solution) prescribing information. Westlake Village, CA; 2014 Apr.

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    Baxter Healthcare Corporation. Gammagard Liquid® (immune globulin infusion [human], 10%) prescribing information. Westlake Village, CA; 2014 Apr.

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    Kedrion Biopharma, Inc. Gammaked® (immune globulin injection [human], 10%) prescribing information. Fort Lee, NJ; 2013 Sep.

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    BPL Inc. Gammaplex® (immune globulin intravenous [human], 5% liquid) prescribing information. Raleigh, NC; 2015 July.

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    Grifols Therapeutics Inc. Gammunex®-C (immune globulin injection [human], 10%) prescribing information. Research Triangle Park, NC; 2014 Jul.

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    CSL Behring LLC. Hizentra® (immune globulin subcutaneous [human], 20% liquid) prescribing information. Kankakee, IL; 2015 Jan.

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    Baxter Healthcare Corporation. HyQvia® (immune globulin infusion [human] 10% with recombinant human hyaluronidase) prescribing information. Westlake Village, CA; 2014 Sep.

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    Octapharma USA Inc. Octagam® (immune globulin intravenous [human] 5%) prescribing information. Hoboken, NJ; 2013 Sep.

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    Octapharma USA Inc. Octagam®10% (immune globulin intravenous [human]) prescribing information. Hoboken, NJ; 2014 Dec.

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    CSL Behring LLC. Privigen® (immune globulin intravenous [human], 10% liquid) prescribing information. Kankakee, IL; 2013 Nov.

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    Astellas Pharma US, Inc. AmBisome® (amphotericin B) liposome for injection prescribing information. Northbrook, IL; 2012 May.

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    Pauner A (Medical Affairs, Astellas, Northbrook, IL): Personal communication; 2015 Oct 23.

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    APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC. Floxuridine for injection prescribing information. Schaumburg, IL; 2008 Jan.

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    APP Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC. Doxy® 100 & 200 (doxycycline) for injection prescribing information. Lake Zurich, IL; 2013 Sep.(

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    Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Abelcet® (amphotericin B lipid complex) injection prescribing information. Gaithersburg, MD; 2013 Mar.

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    Manley HJ, Grabe DW, Norcross M et al. Stability of amphotericin B-lipid complex (Abelcet) in peritoneal dialysis solutions. Perit Dial Int. 2000 Jan-Feb; 20:87–90. [PubMed 10716591]

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    Hamil K (Medical Information, Sigma-Tau, Gaithersburg, IL): Personal communication; 2015 Nov 2.

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    Stein MR. The new generation of liquid intravenous immunoglobulin formulations in patient care: a comparison of intravenous immunoglobulins. Postgrad Med. 2010; 122:176–84. [PubMed 20861601]

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    Bolli R, Woodtli K, Bärtschi M et al. L-Proline reduces IgG dimer content and enhances the stability of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) solutions. Biologicals. 2010; 38:150–7. [PubMed 19931468]

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    Janssen Scientific Affairs. JanssenMD® Professional Information Resource: Storage and Stability of Unreconstituted Remicade®. From Janssen website. Accessed 2015 Nov 16.

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    Janssen Scientific Affairs. JanssenMD® Professional Information Resource: Stability of Reconstituted Remicade® vials. From Janssen website. Accessed 2015 Nov 16.

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    Janssen Scientific Affairs. JanssenMD® Professional Information Resource: Stability of Remicade® Prepared Infusions. From Janssen website. Accessed 2015 Nov 16.

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    Janssen Scientific Affairs. JanssenMD® Professional Information Resource: Stability of Remicade® in 0.45% Normal Saline. From Janssen website. Accessed 2015 Nov 16.

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    Janssen Scientific Affairs. JanssenMD® Professional Information Resource: Removal of Non-PVC Equipment Requirement for Remicade®. From Janssen website. Accessed 2015 Nov 16.

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    Ilett K (Emeritus Professor of Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia): Personal communication; 2015 Nov 16.

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    Genentech, Inc. Rituxan® (rituximab) injection prescribing information. South San Francisco, CA; 2016 Apr.

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    Paul M, Vieillard V, Jaccoulet E et al. Long-term stability of diluted solutions of the monoclonal antibody rituximab. Int J Pharm. 2012; 436:282–90. [PubMed 22789912]

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    Norkus D (Medical Communications, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA): Personal communication; 2015 Nov 20.

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    Genentech, Inc. Herceptin® (trastuzumab) intravenous infusion prescribing information. South San Francisco, CA; 2016 Mar.

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    Norkus D (Medical Communications, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA): Personal communication; 2015 Nov 20.

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    Kaiser J, Krämer I. Physicochemical stability of diluted trastuzumab infusion solutions in polypropylene infusion bags. Int J Pharm Compd. 2011; 15:515–20.

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    Frank MI, Boddu SH, Mauro VF et al. Physical compatibility of valproate sodium injection with dobutamine and dopamine. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2017; 74:280–281. Letter. [PubMed 28213491]

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    Tham A (Medical Information, Spectrum Pharmaceuticals): Personal communication; 2017 May 8.

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    Helsinn Therapeutics, Inc. Akynzeo® (netupitant and palonosetron) capsules and (fosnetupitant and palonosetron) for injection prescribing information. Iselin, NJ; 2018 Apr.

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    Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Andexxa® (coagulation factor Xa [recombinant], inactivated-zhzo) for injection prescribing information. South San Francisco, CA; 2018 Dec.

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    Singla P (Medical Information, La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company, San Diego, CA): Personal communication; 2018 Mar 29.

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    Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Nuzyra® (omadacycline) for injection and tablets prescribing information. Boston, MA; 2018 Dec.

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    AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Feraheme® (ferumoxytol) injection prescribing information. Waltham, MA; 2019 Oct.

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    American Regent, Inc. Venofer® (iron sucrose) injection prescribing information. Shirley, NY; 2019 Jan.

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    Baudax Bio, Inc. Anjeso® (meloxicam) injection prescribing information. Malvern, PA; 2020 Feb.

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    GlaxoSmithKline UK. Amoxil® vials for injection 500 mg summary of product characteristics (SmPC). Middlesex, United Kingdom; 2018 Jan.

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    Douglas Pharmaceuticals Ltd. New Zealand Data Sheet for Ibiamox® 250, 500, and 1000 mg powder for injection. Auckland, New Zealand; 2018 Apr.

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    Sandoz Canada Inc. Amoxicillin sodium and potassium clavulanate for injection product monograph. Quebec, Canada; 2020 Jan.

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    GlaxoSmithKline NZ Limited. New Zealand Data Sheet for Augmentin® 600 mg and 1.2 g powder for injection. Auckland, New Zealand; 2019 Oct.

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    Merus Labs Luxco II S.à R.L. Isoket® (isosorbide dinitrate) 0.5 mg/mL solution for infusion or injection. Luxembourg; 2018 May.

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    Merus Labs Luxco II S.à R.L. Isoket® (isosorbide dinitrate) 1 mg/mL concentrate for solution for injection or infusion. Luxembourg; 2019 Dec.

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    Torbay Pharmaceuticals. Isosorbide dinitrate 0.1% w/v concentrate for solution for injection or infusion. Devon, United Kingdom; 2019 Feb.

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    Gilead Sciences, Inc. Veklury® (remdesivir) for injection and injection prescribing information. Foster City, CA; 2020 Oct.

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    Daouphars M, Hervouët CH, Bohn P et al. Physicochemical stability of oxycodone-ketamine solutions in polypropylene syringe and polyvinyl chloride bag for patient-controlled analgesia use. Eur J Hosp Pharm. 2018; 25:214–217. [PubMed 31157023]

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    Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc. Seizalam® (midazolam hydrochloride) injection prescribing information. Columbia, MD; 2018 Oct.

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Factor Xa (Recombinant), Inactivated-zhzo

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